纳米孔生物分子检测研究  

Nanopore-Based Biomolecular Detection

作　　者：林子涵 陈煌 董嘉伟 赵道辉 李理波 Zihan Lin;Huang Chen;Jiawei Dong;Daohui Zhao;Libo Li(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China;Chucai College,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学化学化工学院,广州510640 [2]湖北大学化学与化工学院,武汉430062 [3]湖北大学楚才学院,武汉430062

出　　处：《化学进展》2020年第5期562-580,共19页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.21908046);制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室开放基金(华南理工大学201828);湖北省自然科学基金项目(No.2019CFB293);广东省自然科学基金项目(No.2019A1515011121);广州市科技计划项目(No.201804010219);中央高校基本科研业务经费资助。

摘　　要：纳米孔单分子检测技术是一种集操作简单、灵敏度高、检测速度快、无需标记等优点的传感检测技术,广泛应用于蛋白质检测、基因测序和标志物检测等领域。基因测序的费用、灵敏度和精度是该检测技术的发展中亟待解决的主要问题,而开发新型的纳米孔材料则是解决这些问题的关键手段。本文从纳米孔材料的选择和设计角度出发,综述了三种不同的纳米孔,即蛋白质等生物纳米孔、固态纳米孔和新型二维材料纳米孔在生物分子检测方面的应用现状,并比较了生物纳米孔与固态纳米孔的差别。本文也重点阐述了二维材料纳米孔在生物分子检测中的实验和模拟研究进展。最后,对纳米孔检测技术的发展前景进行了展望。Nanopore-based single molecular detection technology is a sensing technology that combines the advantages of simple operation, high sensitivity, fast speed, and no labeling. It is widely used in protein detection, gene sequencing, and marker detection. The cost, sensitivity and accuracy are the main challenges in developing such technology, and to develop new nanopore materials is the key to solve them. From the perspective of selecting and designing nanopore materials, the application status of three different nanopores: biological nanopore, solid-state nanopore and novel two-dimensional(2 D) material nanopore in biomolecule detection are reviewed. Meanwhile, the differences between biological nanopores and solid-state nanopores are compared in details. The article also emphasizes the experimental and simulation research progress of 2 D material nanopores in biomolecule detection. Finally, the future development of nanopore-based detection technology is also discussed.

关 键 词：纳米孔 单分子检测 蛋白质检测 DNA测序 离子电流 

分 类 号：O657[理学—分析化学] TB34[理学—化学]