一种面向震后压埋人员的RSSI快速定位算法  

An RSSI fast localization algorithm for buried personnel after earthquake

作　　者：罗尚 肖东升 LUO Shang;XIAO Dongsheng(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China;State Key Laboratory of Geo-hazard Prevention,and Geoenvironment Protection,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学土木工程与建筑学院,成都610500 [2]成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室,成都610059

出　　处：《测绘科学》2020年第6期142-149,共8页Science of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51774250,41804077,41801399);地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLGP2016K017)。

摘　　要：针对面向震后应急救援的压埋人员位置估计中传统探测设备成本高、受压埋环境影响大等不足,利用RSSI测距技术,以压埋人员Wi-Fi设备发出的Wi-Fi信号在压埋物下经最小信号损耗穿出对应的信号穿出点为压埋人员的平面位置,该文提出了一种无需已知压埋环境的压埋Wi-Fi设备的快速定位算法,较好地克服了信号在压埋物下大幅、不可知损耗与在外部复杂环境中多路径传播的问题。该算法在建立震后压埋Wi-Fi设备的信号传输模型的基础上,使用高斯-频谱分析处理RSSI数据,得到含有压埋信号损耗的最优路径距离值,通过附有系统参数的加权最小二乘平差方法,结合粒子群寻优算法,得到压埋人员的平面位置。实验结果表明,使用改进的RSSI快速定位算法进行压埋Wi-Fi设备的定位,有效地改善了定位精度,其数值在1 m左右且时效在几秒内,以此达到解决压埋人员应急救援的快速定位问题的目的。In view of the shortcomings of the traditional detection equipment in the location estimation of buried personnel for post-earthquake emergency rescue,such as high cost and large impact of burial environment,based on received signal strength indication(RSSI)ranging technology,we used the minimum signal loss of the Wi-Fi signal emitted by the buried personas Wi-Fi equipment to penetrate the corresponding signal outgoing point as the planar position of buried personnel.and then proposed an improved algorithm for buried Wi-Fi equipment location without the known burial environment,which well overcomes the problem of large and unknown signal loss under embedding and multi-path propagation in complex external environment.On the basis of the signal transmission model of post-earthquake buried Wi-Fi equipment,the optimal path distance with buried signal loss was obtained by processing RSSI data with Gauss-spectrum analysis,afterwards the planar position of buried person would be solved by weighted least squares adjustment with system parameters and particle swarm optimization algorithm.The experimental results showed that the improved RSSI fast positioning algorithm could effectively improve the positioning accuracy of embedding Wi-Fi equipment.The numerical value was about 1 meter and the time limit was within a few seconds,so as to solve the problem of rapid positioning of embedding personnel in emergency rescue.

关 键 词：压埋环境 WI-FI 多路径效应 高斯-频谱分析 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]