山东省某汽车总装车间各工种工人肌肉骨骼疾患现状调查  

Investigation of musculoskeletal disorders among workers in various types of work in an automobile assembly workshop of Shandong Province

作　　者：康伏梅 冯斌[2] 单永乐[2] 王忠旭[3] KANG Fu-mei;FENG Bin;SHAN Yong-le;WANG Zhong-xu(School of Medicine and Life Sciences,Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences,Jinan University,Jinan Shandong,250062,China;Shandong First Medical University(Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences),Shandong Institute of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases,Jinan Shandong,250062,China;Research Office of Occupational Protection and Ergonomics,Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学,山东省医学科学院医学与生命科学学院,山东济南250062 [2]山东省职业卫生与职业病防治研究院,山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院),山东济南250062 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所职业防护与工效学研究室,北京100050

出　　处：《职业与健康》2020年第9期1172-1175,1180,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81172643);中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所职业健康风险评估与国家职业卫生标准制定项目(131031109000150003)。

摘　　要：目的分析山东省某汽车总装车间各工种工人肌肉骨骼疾患患病现状及劳动负荷在各工种中的分布。方法2019年3-7月选取663名男性汽车制造总装作业工人为调查对象,采用国内出版、经过适当修改的北欧肌肉骨骼问卷进行流行病学横断面调查,并对数据进行分析。结果汽车总装作业工人工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病(WMSDs)患病率为51.9%,身体各部位WMSDs患病率排在前4位的依次是颈部(29.7%)、肩部(25.8%)、手/腕部(25.3%)和踝/足部(22.6%)。上胶工和油漆工WMSDs累计身体部位数量所占比例较高。油漆工和上胶工劳动负荷大者和不良姿势者比例较高。结论山东省某汽车总装车间各工种WMSDs患病率较高,应结合社会-心理-生物医学模式,提出预防性指导方针,以降低此类疾患带来的影响。Objective To analyze the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among workers in various types of work in an automobile assembly workshop of Shandong Province,explore the distribution of labor load in various types of work.Methods A total of 663 male workers engaging in automobile assembly were selected as survey respondents from March to July 2019.The epidemiological cross-sectional survey was conducted using a domestically revised and appropriately modified Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire.And the data were analyzed.Results The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs)in automobile assembly workers was 51.9%.The top four WMSDs in all parts of the body were neck(29.7%),shoulder(25.8%),hand/wrist(25.3%)and ankle/foot(22.6%).The glues workers and painters had the higher proportion of cumulative body parts with WMSDs.The proportion of heavy labor load and bad posture in glues workers and painters were higher.Conclusion The prevalence of WMSDs among workers in various types of work in an automobile assembly workshop of Shandong Province is relatively high.It should be combined with the social-psychological-biomedical model to propose some preventive guidelines to reduce the impact of such diseases.

关 键 词：汽车制造 装配工 焊装工 肌肉骨骼 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]