提高铝合金车体防火性能的方法研究  

Method of Improving Fireproof Performance of Al-Minum Alloy Body

作　　者：陈煜 刘永兵 刘小霞 张倩 张军[3] CHEN Yu;LIU Yongbing;LIU Xiaoxia;ZHANG Qian;ZHANG Jun(Production R&D Center,CRRC Tangshan Co.,Ltd,Tangshan 063035,China;Final General assembly,CRRC Tangshan Co.,Ltd,Tangshan 063035,China;School of Locomotive and Rolling Stock Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian 116028,China)

机构地区：[1]中车唐山机车车辆有限公司产品研发中心,河北唐山063035 [2]中车唐山机车车辆有限公司总装配一厂,河北唐山063035 [3]大连交通大学机车车辆工程学院,辽宁大连116028

出　　处：《大连交通大学学报》2020年第4期44-48,共5页Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(60870009)。

摘　　要：基于对轨道交通车辆防火标准以及车辆发生火灾事故对于乘客人身安全危害性的认知,重点研究了一种提高铝合金车体防火性能的方法,以满足动车组行车能力及乘客疏散救援要求.以某动车组为例,首先计算车内非金属材料热释放量,假设火灾风险、火源功率,将其热负荷加载到车厢有限元模型中,应用FDS软件仿真分析车体在火灾状态下的温度分布,将温度分布插值到车体有限元模型中的每个节点,确定燃烧损坏区域;利用ABAQUS软件模拟分析车体在承受热负荷及最大拉伸载荷工况下的静强度、刚度的变化.在热力耦合工况下,通过车体刚度的变化即车体变形量的大小,验证动车组是否满足行车能力要求,若否,则需在车体静强度薄弱的区域,不改变车体设计结构的情况下,添加非金属防火材料的方法,提高车体热负荷下的静强度、刚度,即提高了车体防火性能.并详述了允许车体变形量判断依据及限值计算结果.Based on the knowledge of the fire protection standard of rail transit vehicles and the harm of fire accidents to passenger safety,the method of improving fire protection performance of aluminum alloy vehicles is studied,so as to meet the requirements of driving ability of EMU and passenger evacuation and rescue.With a bullet as an example,the car non-metallic material heat release quantity is calculated,assuming that fire risk,fire power,the heat load is loaded into the car in the finite element model,using FDS software simulation analysis of car body under fire condition.temperature distribution is interpolated to car body finite element model of each node,and the burning damage area is determined.ABAQUS software is used to simulate and analyze the static strength and stiffness of the vehicle body under thermal load and maximum tensile load.Through the change of car body stiffness and the size of the car body deformation under thermal coupling conditions,the emu is verified whether it meets the requirements of driving ability.If not,more non-metallic fire prevention materials is added to the weak static strength area of the car body to improve the car body heat loads,static strength and stiffness for improving the performance of vehicle fire protection.The judgment basis of allowable vehicle deformation and the calculation result of the limit value are described in detail.

关 键 词：铝合金车体 防火材料 热负荷 仿真计算 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程]