不同类型稻田中全程氨氧化微生物的分异特征  

Differentiation characteristics of complete ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms in different types of paddy soils

作　　者：张洁[1,2] 宋怡轩 张鑫磊 张耀鸿[1] ZHANG Jie;SONG Yi-xuan;ZHANG Xin-lei;ZHANG Yao-hong(Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Collaborative Innovation Center for Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology,Nanjing 210044,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;Shanxi Climate Center,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学,气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/江苏省农业气象重点实验室,江苏南京210044 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008 [3]山西省气候中心,山西太原030006

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2020年第3期584-590,共7页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41671247,41103039);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20171455);江苏省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201810300094X,201710300018)。

摘　　要：选用微碱性氮贫瘠的上海市崇明岛稻田和微酸性氮丰富的南京市稻田剖面(0~50 cm),比较研究稻田土壤中氨氧化微生物类群丰度的差异及其环境驱动机制,评价其与氨氧化潜力的内在关系。结果表明,崇明稻田的净硝化速率为12.82~22.30 mg/(kg·d),明显高于南京稻田[4.26~7.46 mg/(kg·d)]。崇明稻田土壤剖面的Comammox amoA基因总拷贝数(Clade A与Clade B之和)均值为1 g 8.8×106拷贝,是南京稻田的2.4倍,且Clade A与Clade B的比值范围为2.5~12.7,证实了Comammox存在于2种不同类型的稻田土壤中。崇明稻田和南京稻田剖面的氨氧化细菌(AOB)的amoA基因拷贝数均值分别为1 g 3.75×108拷贝和1.23×108拷贝,氨氧化古菌(AOA)的amoA基因拷贝数均值分别为1 g 2.05×107拷贝和0.35×107拷贝,这2种菌群基因拷贝数均在10.1~20.0 cm土层达到最高。回归分析发现,2个稻田中氨氧化细菌(AOB)对氨氧化潜力的贡献率达到90%~94%,而Comammox仅为3%左右,表明氨氧化细菌(AOB)在氨氧化过程中发挥主要作用。In this study,the alkaline coastal paddy field profile(0-50 cm)with low nitrogen and acidic Nanjing paddy field profile with high nitrogen were selected to compare the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms in paddy soils and its environmental driving mechanism,and to evaluate its internal relationship with ammonium oxidation potential was evaluated.The results showed that the net nitrification rate of coastal paddy fields ranged from 12.82 mg/(kg·d)to 22.30 mg/(kg·d),which was significantly higher than that of Nanjing paddy fields[4.26-7.46 mg/(kg·d)].The average number of total copies of comammox amoA gene(the sum of Clade A and Clade B)in the soil profile of coastal paddy fields was 8.8×106 copies per gram,which was 2.4 times greater than that of Nanjing paddy fields,confirming that comammox existed in two different types of paddy fields.In addition,the ratio of Clade A to Clade B ranged from 2.5 to 12.7.The average copy number of amoA gene of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB)in coastal and Nanjing paddy fields was 3.75×108 copies per gram and 1.23×108 copies per gram,respectively.The average copy number of amoA gene of ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA)was 2.05×107 copies per gram and 0.35×107 copies per gram,respectively.The abundance of these two bacteria were the highest in 10.0-20.0 cm soil layer.The results of regression analysis indicated that AOB contributed 90%-94%to the potential of ammonia oxidation in the two paddy fields,while comammox only contributed about 3%,indicating that AOB could play a major role in ammonia oxidation in the two soils.

关 键 词：稻田 全程氨氧化细菌 氨氧化细菌 氨氧化古菌 氨氧化潜力 

分 类 号：S511.061[农业科学—作物学]