粗皮桉杂交种无性系在雷州半岛的生长特点  

Growth Features of Eucalyptus pellita’s Hybrid Clones on Leizhou Peninsula

作　　者：潘松海 李敖彬 李华强 王楚彪 卢万鸿 林彦 罗建中 PAN Songhai;LI Aobin;LI Huaqiang;WANG Chubiao;LU Wanhong;LIN Yan;LUO Jianzhong(China Forestry Group Leizhou Forestry Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.,Zhanjiang 524043,Guangdong,China;China Eucalypt Research Centre,Zhanjiang 524022,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中林集团雷州林业局集团有限公司,广东湛江524043 [2]国家林业和草原局桉树研究开发中心,广东湛江524022

出　　处：《桉树科技》2020年第2期10-15,共6页Eucalypt Science & Technology

基　　金：广西创新驱动发展专项资金项目(桂科AA17204087-3);中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资助(CAFYBB2017ZA001-5)。

摘　　要：为了解粗皮桉杂交种无性系在杂交种类型、无性系水平的生长特点,对分属4种杂交种类型(粗皮桉与横脉组树种杂交种、粗皮桉与窿缘组树种杂交种、尾叶桉与巨桉间杂交种、尾叶桉与窿缘组树种杂交种)的40个无性系在雷州半岛进行了生长测定。结果表明:粗皮桉杂交种的材积生长量显著(P<0.01)高于尾叶桉杂交种,3 a生时平均高约16%;其中粗皮桉与窿缘组树种杂交种的优势更大,因其树高具有显著优势。粗皮桉杂交种的保存率显著低于(P<0.01)尾叶桉杂交种(1 a生除外),3 a生时低约8%。在无性系水平(杂种类型内)各性状的差异均极显著(P<0.01)。粗皮桉杂交种材积的遗传力约为0.70,其中粗皮桉与横脉组树种杂交种的略高,但均低于尾叶桉杂交种(约0.82);不同性状的遗传力大小为:胸径(0.815)>树高(0.527)、保存率(0.717)>风害率(0.423)。本研究发现粗皮桉杂交种在生长性状及其遗传上具有显著区别于尾叶桉杂交种的特点,可为该地区桉树杂交制种和无性系选育提供依据。To understand growth features of clones developed from hybrids of Eucalyptus pellita,40 clones from 4 hybrid taxa(including E.pellita crossed with species of Eucalyptus section transversaria,and section exsertaria;hybrids between E.urophylla and E.grandis,section exsertaria species)were tested in field trials on the Leizhou Peninsula where typhoons and outbreaks of dieback diseases occur frequently.Results from up to age 3 years showed:E.pellita’s hybrids had significantly higher stem volume than E.urophylla’s hybrids(P<0.01)(about 16%higher at age 3 yrs)and hybrids between E.pellita and section exsertaria species had significantly higher average tree height than all other hybrids.For survival,E.urophylla’s hybrids were significantly better(P<0.01)than E.pellita’s at all ages except age 1 year.Differences among clones(within hybrid taxa)for all traits measured were highly significant(P<0.01).The clonal board sense heritabilities for volume in E.pellita’s hybrids were about 0.70,while E.pellita and section transversaria hybrids’were about 0.05 higher than those of section exsertaris species’s.However,the clonal heritabilities for E.urophylla’s hybrids(about 0.82)were higher than E.pellita’s.In general,heritabilities for all traits were 0.815 for DBH,0.527 for Ht,0.717 for survival and 0.423 for wind-damage.

关 键 词：粗皮桉 杂交种 无性系 生长 遗传力 

分 类 号：S725.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]