人类基因编辑的伦理问题及程序性出路  

An Ethical Analysis of Human Genome Editing: Using Procedure Ethics

作　　者：李思雯[1] LI Siwen(Department of Philosophy,Huazhong University of Science&Technology,Wuhan,Hubei,430074)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学哲学系,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2020年第6期84-90,共7页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“人类基因编辑的伦理学研究”(项目编号:19BZX110)。

摘　　要：人类基因编辑技术的伦理问题近年来得到了广泛且持续的讨论。该技术的主体性本质、不确定性问题、后代利益问题和道德滑坡预设等方面,彰显出伦理问题的特殊性。为保障人类基因编辑技术的发展安全可控,伦理问题特殊性所引发的争议,需要有效的方式达成共识。本文试图运用程序性范式,以后代利益问题为例,形成能获得各争议方同意的伦理共识。程序性范式基于允许原则、允许下的行善原则,通过道德共同体的伦理表达和道德异乡人之间的同意,形成一般道德框架,为人类基因编辑中的伦理争议提供有效解决途径。The ethics of human genome editing has attracted extensive discussion in recent years.The subjectivity,uncertainty,offspring’s benefits and moral decline presuppositions of this technology demonstrate the specific moral concerns involved.In order to ensure the safety and controllable development of human genome editing,the disputes caused by the particularity of ethical issues need to achieve a certain consensus through an effective mode of analysis.Taking the issue of the benefits of future offspring as an example,this analysis starts from the application and the characteristics of ethical concerns about human genome editing.On the basis of the principle of permission and the principle of beneficence(under permission)proposed by Engelhardt,this paper tries to construct procedure ethics through the ethical expression of moral community and the permission between moral strangers,so as to provide an effective solution to the ethical disputes in human genome editing.

关 键 词：人类基因编辑 程序性范式 允许原则 后代利益 

分 类 号：N0[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]