汉语官话方言中“把”字处置句代词复指功能演变等级分析  

A Study of Evolutional Rank of the Pronoun’s Anaphora in Disposal Constructions with“ba(把)”in Mandarin District Dialects

作　　者：刘宗保[1] LIU Zongbao(College of Liberal Arts,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学文学院,合肥230601

出　　处：《常熟理工学院学报》2020年第4期43-49,共7页Journal of Changshu Institute of Technology

基　　金：安徽省哲学社会科学规划青年项目“赵元任语法学思想接受史研究”(AHSKQ2015D65)。

摘　　要：汉语相关官话方言中"把"字处置句存在复指代词形式,这些形式从历时上看有共性特征,但在共时层面有一些差异特征,包括动词结构的形式、复指代词的强制使用程度、否定可变换性、"把"字句独立性及复指代词在句子中的位置等方面。通过考察官话区中的罗山方言、常德方言、巢湖方言、英山方言、孝感方言、公安方言和九江方言等拥有的演变特征的数量,我们得出这些方言点代词复指功能的演变从弱到强的等级序列,即巢湖方言复指代词的演变特征最少,也即演变程度最弱,公安方言强之,孝感方言又强之,罗山方言、英山方言再强之,九江方言和常德方言的演变等级最高。这一研究为推断共时层面具有共性句法特征的不同方言点在形式上的关联提供了另一视角。The phenomenon of the pronoun’s anaphora in disposal constructions with“ba(把)”occurs in many Chinese district dialects,sharing some common features based on the diachronic perspective,while there are some evolutional features based on the synchronic perspective.The evolutional features bear the forms of verbal construction,the enforceablility usage of the pronoun’s anaphora,negative structure,non-ba(把)construction and the position of the pronoun’s anaphora in the sentence.The number of the evolutional features of the dialects is surveyed,including Luoshan dialect,Changde dialect,Chaohu dialect,Yingshan dialect,Xiaogan dialect,Gongan dialect and Jiujiang dialect.On the basis of the analysis,the rank of the different pronoun’s anaphora usages subjected to disposal constructions based on the common features is that the Chaohu dialect has the weakest evolution,and that the sequence from weak revolution to strong revolution is Xiaogan dialect,Luoshan dialect and Yingshan dialect,Jiujiang dialect and Changde dialect.This research provides a new perspective to deduce the formal correlation of different dialects which have common syntactic features.

关 键 词：官话方言 “把”字处置句 复指代词 共性特征 演变特征 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]