温室蔬菜高架栽培CO2供气负荷计算与设备选型方法  

Calculation method for CO2 supply load of vegetable spatial soilless culture greenhouse and equipment matching

作　　者：周长吉 王柳 田婧 富建鲁 张月红 Zhou Changji;Wang Liu;Tian Jing;Fu Jianlu;Zhang Yuehong(Institute of Protected Agriculture,Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affaires,Beijing 100125,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部规划设计研究院设施农业研究所,北京100125

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2020年第12期212-220,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：农业农村部规划设计研究院自主研发项目(ZZYFXKFZ201902)。

摘　　要：针对温室CO2供给设备容量设计缺乏相关理论和设备配置的相关规范,在分析CO2恒定浓度控制模型、低浓度控制模型、恒定供气流量控制模型的基础上,探索建立了温室内CO2平衡模型,结合作物对CO2的需求和大型连栋温室蔬菜高架栽培的土壤CO2释放量低等特点,提出了温室CO2施肥供气负荷计算方法;以天然气锅炉的回收烟气和液态CO2为气源,提出了以CO2供应为目标的天然气锅炉功率和液态CO2储液罐容积计算方法,为相应设备的设计选型提供了理论依据。以栽培面积49200 m^2,容积329640 m^3的文洛型温室为案例,采用该文建立模型进行计算表明,在CO2施肥恒定流量控制模式下,设定最低控制CO2体积分数为600×10^-6 m^3/m^3条件下,白天仅需运行1台额定蒸发量为10 t/h的天然气锅炉就可满足CO2施肥需求;用液化CO2施肥,在CO2低浓度控制模式下,设定最低控制CO2体积分数为500×10^-6 m^3/m^3条件下,则需要配备容积为20 m^3的储液罐。实际运行情况表明,该文建立的CO2施肥供气负荷计算与设备选型方法切实可行,满足实际生产的要求。In order to solve the problem that the lack of relevant theories and specifications of capacity selection of greenhouse CO2 supply equipment,based on the model analysis of the constant concentration control of CO2,the low range concentration control of CO2,and the constant gas flow control of CO2,a CO2 balance model in greenhouse is established.There are very complex relationships between temperature,light intensity and CO2 concentration and photosynthesis intensity.To maintain a constant CO2 concentration in greenhouse,it is necessary to accurately regulate the supply of CO2 according to the changes in light and temperature.In addition,to maintain CO2 concentration above the saturation point,the constant concentration control of CO2 is also an uneconomical way.So this mode of regulation is difficult to implement in large-scale greenhouse production.The constant concentration control of CO2 is possible to be used only in experimental greenhouse which the light and temperature are accurately controlled.The low range concentration control of CO2 also needs to adjust the supply of CO2 frequently,therefore,the timeliness and accuracy requirements of CO2 supply source are high.It is generally applicable to liquefied CO2 supply system.The constant gas flow control of CO2 is the easiest to implement in engineering,as long as the gas supply valve is opened or closed according to the set time,and other control equipment can be omitted.Therefore,this control model is very suitable for the CO2 supply system which uses the recovered flue gas of the boiler as CO2 source,and also suitable for liquid CO2 supply system without considering economic factors..Combined with crop demand for CO2 and the characteristics of low CO2 emission of soil in the large-scale gutter-connected greenhouse for vegetable spatial soilless culture,a calculation method for the CO2 supply load of equipment used for CO2 enrichment in greenhouse is proposed.Taking the recovered flue gas of a boiler and liquid CO2 as the CO2 sources,two CO2 supply methods

关 键 词：温室 光合作用 CO2施肥 模型 负荷 

分 类 号：S626.5[农业科学—园艺学]