不同耕作模式下水稻产量与器官多要素响应的比较研究  

Comparative study on yield and organ multi-factor responses of rice under different tillage modes

作　　者：马黎华[1] 万琪慧 王振昌[2] 蒋先军[1] Ma Lihua;Wan Qihui;Wang Zhenchang;Jiang Xianjun(College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400715 [2]河海大学水利水电学院,南京210098

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2020年第11期119-128,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300901);国家自然科学基金项目(51509214)。

摘　　要：认识和理解水稻产量影响要素是实现水稻高产稳产的关键。选取冬水田、垄作免耕和常规水旱轮作3种处理,采用相关分析、主成分分析与主成分多元线性回归3种方法对水稻产量与成熟期根、茎、叶、籽粒碳同位素组成,根系特征以及养分的响应关系进行比较与综合分析。结果表明不同耕作模式下垄作免耕的水稻产量最高,根、茎、叶、籽粒的碳同位素组成与水稻产量有极显著的负相关关系(P<0.01);主成分分析提取的6个主成分累计贡献率超过80%;主成分多元线性回归模型能够解释冬水田、垄作免耕和常规水旱轮作水稻产量67%、73%和97%的变异;与常规水旱轮作相比,冬水田和垄作免耕水稻产量与碳同位素组成及磷的关系更密切。该研究表明,垄作免耕具有较好的推广应用价值。The differences in water and nutrients uptake by rice induced by tillage regime were studied to better understand the mechanism for rice growth.This study was carried out at the long-term purple soil fertility monitoring station established by the Ministry of Agriculture in 1990.Three tillage regimes including Flooded Paddy Field(FPF),Ridge with No-Tillage(RNT),and Conventional Tillage(CT)were selected to study tillage effects on nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium concentrations and carbon isotope composition in rice plants.The rice yield and samples from roots,stalks,leaves,tassels were collected for 2 rice-growing seasons at rice mature stage,from 2016 to 2017.The Principal Component Analysis(PCA)and Multiple Linear Regression(PCA-MLR)method package for rice yield was originally developed under different tillage modes to simulate the relationship of rice yield with water and nutrient elements,including carbon isotope composition,root characteristic,nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium concentrations.Results showed that rice yields for RNT were significantly higher than those for FPF and CT(P<0.05).The carbon isotope composition of rice leaves for RNT was significantly lower than for FPF and CT for 2 years observed.Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between rice yield and selected parameters.Significant negative relationships were observed between rice yield and carbon isotope composition of roots,stalks,leaves,tassels at rice mature stage,which were−0.702,−0.734,−0.572,and−0.711.The nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium concentrations of rice tassels were positively correlated with rice yield,which was 0.411,0.432,and 0.529,respectively.And also,significant positive relationships were observed between rice yield and root characteristics,which were 0.538,0.624,0.450,and 0.710 to total root length,root surface area,total root volume,and average diameter of root.The Principal Component Analysis(PCA)was conducted on the analysis of selected parameters.As a result,the Principal Com

关 键 词：水稻 耕作 主成分分析 产量 同位素 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]