静电纺PVDF/铌酸钠复合纤维膜制备及压电性能  

Preparation and Piezoelectric Properties of Electrospun Sodium Niobate/Poly(vinylidene Fluoride)Composite Nanofiber Membranes

作　　者：夏毓霜 李阳 胡国华 王珊[1] 熊传溪[1] Xia Yushuang;Li Yang;Hu Guohua;Wang Shan;Xiong Chuanxi(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学材料科学与工程学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2020年第7期17-21,32,共6页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(WHU:2019IVA003)。

摘　　要：为获得环保、柔软和高压电性材料,拓展压电材料在能量收集、传感器、可穿戴电子器件等方面的应用,采用静电纺丝技术制备出了高压电性的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)/铌酸钠复合纤维膜。通过全反射傅立叶变换红外光谱仪、差示扫描量热仪、X射线衍射仪及示波器和静电计对复合纤维膜的结构和压电性能进行了表征和分析,探究了两种不同形貌铌酸钠以及不同添加量对于复合纤维膜结晶结构和压电性能的影响。结果表明,适量添加两种不同形貌铌酸钠颗粒,都可在一定程度上提高复合纤维膜中电活性β晶型的含量,并且作为成核剂促进PVDF的结晶,其中立方体形貌铌酸钠颗粒作用效果更为明显。当立方体状铌酸钠质量分数为9%时,复合纤维膜的β晶型相对含量达到81.49%,开路电压和短路电流达到了2.79 V和0.75μA,与纯PVDF纤维膜的1.17 V和0.08μA相比有显著的提高。In order to obtain environmental-friendly,flexible and piezoelectric materials as well as to expand their applications in energy harvesters,sensors and wearable electronic devices,the high piezoelectric PVDF/NaNbO3 composite nanofiber membranes were successfully prepared by electrospinning.The structure and piezoelectricity of samples were characterized by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,differential scanning calorimetry,X-ray diffraction and oscilloscope and electrometer in order to investigate the effects of NaNbO3 morphologies and various addition amounts on the crystal structure and piezoelectricity of the composite nanofiber membranes.The results demonstrate that addition of appropriate fractions of NaNbO3 with different morphologies(i.e.,cube and rod)can both improve the content of electroactiveβ-phase in PVDF/NaNbO3 composite nanofiber membranes,as well as contributing to the crystallization of PVDF.Comparatively,the NaNbO3 with cubic shape is more effective.When the addition of NaNbO3 with cubic shape is 9%,the content ofβ-phase of the composite nanofiber membrane is up to 81.49%,and the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current is 2.79 V and 0.75μA,which is significantly improved in comparison with pure PVDF nanofiber membrane of 1.17 V and 0.08μA,respectively.

关 键 词：铌酸钠 聚偏氟乙烯 静电纺丝 压电 

分 类 号：TQ325.4[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]