苎麻织物铺层设计及化学改性对复合材料力学及界面性能影响  

Effect of Ramie Fabric Laminate Design and Chemical Modification on Mechanical Properties and Interfacial Properties of Composites

作　　者：李鑫 左祺[2] 徐磊 张红霞[2] Li Xin;Zuo Qi;Xu Lei;Zhang Hongxia(Finance Office,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;School of Textile Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学财务处,天津300387 [2]天津工业大学纺织科学与工程学院,天津300387

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2020年第7期61-67,79,共8页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11802205)。

摘　　要：为了提升复合材料的力学性能以及界面结合效果,通过对不同铺层角度的不饱和聚酯树脂/苎麻织物(UPR/苎麻)复合材料力学性能进行研究,从0°,±45°和90°的角度组合中选择了最佳铺层设计方案;利用碱处理、硅烷偶联剂处理以及碱+硅烷偶联剂联合处理分别对苎麻织物表面进行化学改性,研究改性处理对复合材料的层间剪切性能和吸水性能的影响,表征苎麻与UPR之间的界面结合情况。结果表明,当UPR/苎麻复合材料中苎麻织物为沿90°纬向铺层时力学性能最优,拉伸、弯曲和剪切强度分别比0°经向铺层的复合材料提高了42.7%,34.3%,27.1%。碱处理和偶联剂处理占纤维织物的质量分数分别是1%,3%。碱处理+偶联剂联合处理复合材料的层间剪切性能比未处理、单独碱处理和单独偶联剂处理分别提高了23.6%,26.0%,10.7%。在浸泡96 h后,联合改性复合材料的吸水率最小,较未处理、单独碱处理和单独偶联剂处理的复合材料降低了28.5%,23.2%,16.2%。In order to improve the machanical properties and interfacial properties,the unsaturated polyester resin/ramie fabric(UP/ramie) composites layered by different orientation angles were studied,and the optimum laminate design was selected from the combination of 0°,±45° and 90°.Ramie fabrics were chemically modified by alkali treatment,silane coupling agent treatment and alkali treatment combined with silane coupling agent treatment.The effect of treatment on interlaminar shear and water absorption properties of the composites was studied and the interfacial bonding between ramie fabric and unsaturated polyester resin was characterized.The results show that the mechanical properties of UPR/ramie composites with ramie fabric plied along 90° (weft)direction are the best.Compared with 0° (warp) direction plied composite,the tensile,flexural and shear strength of the composites with 90° direction are 42.7%,34.3% and 27.1% higher than 0° direction’s.The optimum mass fraction of 1% alkali treatment and 3% coupling agent treatment is obtained by comprehensive analysis.The interlaminar shear properties of the composites treated by alkali treatment combined with coupling agent are 23.6%,26.0% and 10.7% higher than those with untreatment,only alkali treatment and only coupling agent treatment,respectively.After 96 h of immersion,the water absorption of the composite is the smallest,which is 28.5%,23.2% and 16.2% lower than that of the composite with untreatment,only alkali treatment and only coupling agent treatment.

关 键 词：苎麻织物 铺层设计 联合改性 复合材料 界面性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TQ327.9[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]