溶剂脱沥青工艺在重油加工中的应用进展  

Application progress of solvent deasphalting process in heavy oil processing

作　　者：李辉[1] 韩迈 王国强[1] 徐晓胜 李青松[1] 段永生 Li Hui;Han Mai;Wang Guoqiang;Xu Xiaosheng;Li Qingsong;Duan Yongsheng(State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing,China University of Petroleum(EastChina),Qingdao,Shandong 266580;Research Institute of PetroChina Fuel Oil Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100195)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)重质油国家重点实验室,山东省青岛市266580 [2]中石油燃料油有限责任公司研究院,北京市100195

出　　处：《炼油技术与工程》2020年第5期21-25,共5页Petroleum Refinery Engineering

摘　　要：从溶剂脱沥青工艺的发展与特点出发,介绍了溶剂脱沥青工艺的工作原理、超临界溶剂回收技术和高效塔内传质构件的开发等内容,对国内外工艺优化和组合工艺的开发等方面进行综述。溶剂脱沥青工艺既能单独以渣油为原料制备润滑油基础油、环保橡胶油和针状焦原料等高附加值产品,又能与催化裂化、加氢裂化和延迟焦化等工艺组合,进一步提高重油加工过程转化率。近年发展的沸腾床加氢裂化技术与溶剂脱沥青组合工艺,渣油整体转化率可达90%以上,石脑油收率显著提高,焦炭产率大幅降低,在今后组合工艺开发方面具有重要指导意义。Starting from the development and characteristics of the solvent deasphalting process,the working principle of the solvent deasphalting process,the supercritical solvent recovery technology and the development of efficient mass transfer components in the tower were introduced.The process optimization and the development of combined process at home and abroad were reviewed.The solvent deasphalting process could not only prepare high value-added products such as lube base oil,environmentally friendly rubber oil and needle coke raw materials using residue oil as raw material,but also combine with processes such as catalytic cracking,hydrocracking and delayed coking to further improve conversion rate of heavy oil processing.Benefit from the combination of ebullated bed hydrocracking technology and solvent deasphalting technology developed in recent years,the overall conversion of residual oil can reach more than 90%,the yield of naphtha has increased significantly,and the yield of coke has been greatly reduced.It has important guidance in the development of combined processes in the future.

关 键 词：溶剂脱沥青 重油加工 组合工艺 超临界溶剂回收 沸腾床加氢裂化 

分 类 号：TE624[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]