海藻生物保水液态地膜性能研究  

Study on Properties of Liquid Water-retaining Seaweed Biofilm

作　　者：严国富 聂伟燕 李凯凯 牛红艳 汤洁 YAN Guo-fu;NIE Wei-yan;LI Kai-kai;NIU Hong-yan;TANG Jie(Beijing Leili Balanced Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101407)

机构地区：[1]北京雷力平衡农业发展有限公司,北京101407

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2020年第13期170-171,179,共3页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：北京市怀柔区重大科技计划项目“海藻生物保水剂和保水地膜的创制和在节水农业的应用研究”(NY2019-2)。

摘　　要：本文研究了海藻生物保水液态地膜性能。从褐藻(马尾藻)中提取物海藻多糖,添加1%~5%海藻生物保水剂,然后加入一定比例甲壳胺等,研制出成膜性能好、成膜抗拉能力强的海藻保水地膜。海藻生物保水液态地膜原液成膜后最大拉断力为80.2 N,最大断裂伸长率为19%;原液成膜后最大UV透光率为8.9%、VL透光率为26.5%、IR透光率为37.1%;原液成膜后干膜抗水分蒸发量减少71.2%。原液在土壤喷洒,第5天时水分累积蒸腾量降低18.9%;在基质上喷洒,第4天时水分累积蒸腾量降低11.5%。海藻生物保水液态地膜成膜性好,具有一定韧性,透光率强,能够减少水分蒸发和蒸腾。In this paper,the properties of the liquid water-retaining seaweed biofilm were studied.The seaweed polysaccharide,extracted from brown algae(Sargassum),was added with 1%-5%liquid water-retaining seaweed biofilm,and then added with a certain proportion of chitosan and other substances to develop seaweed biofilm.It had good film formation,and the tensile resistance was strong.After the liquid water-retaining seaweed biofilm(original solution)was formed,the maximum breaking force reached 80.2 N,and the elongation reached 19%;the maximum UV transmittance,VL transmittance and IR transmittance were 8.9%,26.5%and 37.1%,respectively;the dry film resistance to water evaporation decreased by 71.2%.When the original solution was sprayed on the soil,the accumulated water transpiration decreased by 18.9%on the 5 th day;when the original solution was sprayed on the substrate,the accumulated water transpiration decreased by 11.5%on the 4 th day.The liquid water-retaining seaweed biofilm had good film formation,a certain toughness and strong transmittance,it also could reduce water evaporation and transpiration.

关 键 词：海藻生物保水液态地膜 抗拉力 透光率 水分蒸发 水分蒸腾 

分 类 号：S316[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]