青贮水葫芦对饲喂稻草和棉籽饼肉牛养分摄入量和消化率的影响  

Effects of water hyacinth silage on nutrient intake and digestibility of beef cattle fed with straw and cottonseed cake

作　　者：辛桂瑜[1] 赵英[1] XIN Guiyu;ZHAO Ying(Yulin Normal University,Yulin,Guangxi Province 537000,China)

机构地区：[1]玉林师范学院,广西玉林537000

出　　处：《中国饲料》2020年第12期93-96,共4页China Feed

基　　金：广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(2017KY0547;2020KY14018;2017KY0551)。

摘　　要：试验旨在评估日粮添加不同水平青贮水葫芦对饲喂水稻秸秆和棉饼的肉牛养分摄入量及消化率的影响。将平均体重为135 kg的17月龄杂交肉牛作为试验动物,采用4×4的拉丁方设计,青贮水葫芦添加水平为0%、15%、30%和45%。在4个连续28 d的试验期中,连续测定自由采食量和消化率。青贮水葫芦、水稻结秸秆和棉饼中粗蛋白质水平分别为174、53和370 g/kg。水稻秸秆中性洗涤纤维含量最高,达到666 g/kg,其次是青贮水葫芦和棉饼,分别是503 g/kg和418 g/kg。随着日粮青贮水葫芦添加水平的升高,水稻秸秆摄入量从3049 g/d降至1014 g/d(P<0.05),与对照组相比,15%~45%青贮水葫芦组蛋白质摄入量分别提高16%、25%和33%(P<0.05)。随着青贮水葫芦水平的升高,中性洗涤纤维消化由581 g/kg降至546 g/kg(P<0.05),酸性洗涤纤维由364 g/kg降至340 g/kg(P<0.05)。45%青贮水葫芦组消化能和代谢能估计值较对照组显著高32%(P<0.05),随着青贮水葫芦添加水平的增加而增加,其中45%青贮水葫芦组有机物消化率最高达72.2%,而对照组表现最低,为47.4%。对照组相比,随着青贮水葫芦添加水平的升高,粗蛋白质消化率分别提高21%、31%和40%(P<0.05)。结论:肉牛饲喂青贮水葫芦会降低水稻秸秆的摄入量,日粮添加青贮水葫芦提高了粗蛋白质摄入量。有机物、粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维消化率随青贮水葫芦添加水平的升高而升高。The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of silage water hyacinth on nutrient intake and digestibility of beef cattle fed with rice straw and cotton^cake.A 17 month old crossbred beef cattle with an average weight of 135 kg was used as an experimental animal.The experiment was conducted with a Latin square design of 4×4,and the addition levels of silage water hyacinth were 0%,15%,30%and 45%.Free feed intake and digestibility were continuously measured over four consecutive 28 days.The crude protein levels of water hyacinth silage,rice straw and cotton cake were 174,53 and 370 g/kg,respectively.The neutral washing fiber content of rice straw was the highest,reaching 666 g/kg,followed by water hyacinth silage and cottonseed cake,503 g/kg and 418 g/kg,respectively.The intake of rice straw decreased from 3049 g/d to 1014 g/d with the increase of dietary water hyacinth addition level(P<0.05).Protein intake in the 15%~45%water hyacinth group increased by 16%,25%and 33%,respectively,compared with the control group(P<0.05).With the increase of silage water hyacinth level,the digestion of neutral washing fiber decreased from 581 g/kg to 546 g/kg(P<0.05),and that of acidic washing fiber decreased from 364 g/kg to 340 g/kg(P<0.05).The estimated value of digestive and metabolic energy in the 45%silage water hyacinth group was significantly higher than that in the control group by 32%(P<0.05),which increased with the increase of the addition level of water hyacinth.The digestibility of organic matter in the 45%silage water hyacinth group was the highest up to 72.2%,while the lowest performance in the control group was 47.4%.Compared with the control group,the digestibility of crude protein increased by 21%,31%and 40%,respectively,with the increase of the addition level of silage water hyacinth(P<0.05).Conclusion:feeding water hyacinth silage to beef cattle can reduce the intake of rice straw,and adding water hyacinth silage to diet can increase the intake of crude protein.The digestibility of

关 键 词：青贮水葫芦 水稻秸秆 棉饼 肉牛 养分摄入 消化率 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]