186例婴幼儿腹泻病原微生物分布及临床特征  

Clinical features and distribution of pathogenic microorganisms of diarrhea in 186 infants

作　　者：刘红军[1] 谢爱香[1] 郑晓伟 靳力敬 王红利[2] Liu Hongjun;Xie Aixiang;Zheng Xiaowei;Jin Lijing;Wang Hongli(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Puyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Puyang 457000,China;Department of Pediatrics,Puyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Puyang 457000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省濮阳市中医院检验科,457000 [2]河南省濮阳市中医院儿科,457000

出　　处：《中国实用医刊》2020年第5期70-73,共4页Chinese Journal of Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析186例婴幼儿腹泻的病原微生物分布及临床特征。方法收集濮阳市中医院2015年12月至2018年12月收治的186例腹泻患儿的临床资料以及粪便标本,统计分析腹泻患儿的临床特征及病原微生物分布情况。结果186例腹泻患儿中年龄≤3岁者占80.11%;患儿均出现大便性状改变,其中稀水样便占74.73%,稀糊便占11.83%,黏液血便占13.44%;伴发热占60.75%,呕吐占73.12%;腹泻伴轻度脱水占52.67%,中度脱水占12.37%,重度脱水占5.91%;白细胞异常占17.74%,红细胞异常占6.45%。全部腹泻患儿大便样本细菌培养检出阳性30例,阳性率为16.13%,其中致泻性大肠埃希菌检出率最高,为58.06%(18/31);病毒检出阳性99例,阳性率为53.23%,其中轮状病毒检出率最高,为91.92%(91/99),病毒阳性检出率高于细菌阳性检出率(P<0.05)。单纯检出细菌感染28例,单纯检出病毒感染89例,其中病毒检出阳性患儿出现稀水样便、呕吐分别占76.40%、31.46%,高于细菌检出阳性患儿的53.57%、10.71%(P<0.05);出现黏液血便、发热、白细胞异常以及红细胞异常分别占4.49%、11.24%、15.73%、3.37%,低于细菌检出阳性患儿的17.86%、28.57%、53.57%、21.43%(P<0.05);病毒与细菌检出阳性患儿的腹泻次数、腹泻伴脱水占比比较差异未见统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论婴幼儿腹泻主要表现为大便性状改变以及腹泻伴脱水、发热、呕吐等临床症状,以病毒感染为主,轮状病毒是导致婴幼儿腹泻的主要病毒致病原。Objective To analyze the clinical features and distribution of pathogenic microorganisms of diarrhea in 186 infants.Methods The clinical data and fecal specimens from 186 children with diarrhea admitted to Puyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2015 to December 2018 were collected.The clinical features and distribution of pathogenic microorganisms of children with diarrhea were statistically analyzed.Results The children aged≤3 years accounted for 80.11%among the 186 children with diarrhea.All children had abnormal stool properties,of which 74.73%had loose or liquid stools,11.83%had thin paste stools and 13.44%had mucous bloody stools.A total of 60.75%children were complicated by fever,and 73.12%cases were complicated by vomiting.Moreover,52.67%of children with diarrhea were complicated with mild dehydration,12.37%of enrolled children with moderate dehydration and 5.91%of enrolled children with severe dehydration.And 17.74%of children had leukocyte abnormalities,and 6.45%of children had erythrocyte abnormality.Among all children with diarrhea,bacterial culture of stool samples detected 30 positive cases,with the positive rate of 16.13%;and the detection rate of diarrheogenic Escherichia coli was the highest(58.06%,18/31).Ninety-nine cases were positive for virus detection,with the positive rate of 53.23%,of which the detection rate of rotavirus was the highest(91.92%,91/99).The positive detection rate of virus was significantly higher than that of bacteria(P<0.05).Twenty-eight cases of pure bacterial infection and 89 cases of single virus infection were detected.The proportions of loose or liquid stools and vomiting in children with positive virus detection were 76.40%and 31.46%respectively,significantly higher than the 53.57%and 10.71%in children with positive bacteria detection(P<0.05).The proportions of mucous bloody stools,fever,leukocyte abnormalities and erythrocyte abnormalities in children with positive virus cletection were 4.49%,11.24%,15.73%and 3.37%respectively,significantly l

关 键 词：婴幼儿 腹泻 临床特征 病原微生物 

分 类 号：R725.7[医药卫生—儿科]