深圳市宝安区6~36月龄婴幼儿贫血及其影响因素现状调查  

Investigation on Anemia and Related Influencing Factors in Infants and Young Children Aged 6~36 Months in Bao’an District,Shenzhen

作　　者：彭琼玲 赵晓丽 罗美芳 马丽亚[1] PENG Qiong-ling;ZHAO Xiao-li;LUO Mei-fang(Bao’an Distric Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Shenzhen,Guangdong,518100,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]深圳市宝安区妇幼保健院,广东深圳518100

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2020年第7期50-52,67,共4页Chinese Primary Health Care

摘　　要：目的了解宝安区6~36月龄婴幼儿贫血患病现状及其影响因素,为基层医生提供预防贫血的依据。方法采用现况调查的方法,以6~36月龄婴幼儿为研究对象,医务人员填写调查问卷,共收集有效问卷355份。对影响因素采用卡方检验、二元logistics回归分析对变量间的关系进行探究和分析。结果宝安区6~36月龄婴幼儿贫血的总体发生率为19.2%。6~12月龄婴儿贫血的发生率最高(23.3%),其次是13~24月龄的幼儿(9.1%),25~36月龄的幼儿贫血发生率最低(7.1%)。随着年龄的增长,贫血发生的风险逐渐降低。首次添加辅食时,相对于添加强化铁米粉,添加其他辅食的婴幼儿更容易发生贫血。相对于父母为主要照顾者的婴幼儿,祖父母/外祖父母为主要照顾者的婴幼儿不容易发生贫血。结论宝安区6~36月龄婴幼儿贫血的发生率低于国际报道水平,但高于上海浦东地区。6~12月龄是婴幼儿发生贫血的高峰期,随着年龄的增长婴幼儿贫血的发生率降低。不科学添加辅食容易造成婴幼儿贫血,祖父母/外祖父母为主要照顾者的婴幼儿不易发生贫血。OBJECTIVE To examine the prevalence and influencing factors of anemia in infants and children aged 6~36 months in Bao’an District,so as to provide evidence for primary care physicians to prevent anemia.METHODS A current investigation was conducted to collect 355 valid questionnaires from infants and children aged 6~36 months.It identified significant predictors with Chi-squared tests(crude associations)and a Multivariable Logistic Regression Model(adjusted associations).RESULTS The incidence rate of anemia inchildren aged 6~36 months was 19.2%.The incidence of anemia in infants aged 6~12 months was the highest(23.3%),followed by children aged 13~24 months(9.1%),and the incidence of anemia in young children aged 25~36 months was the lowest(7.1%).The risk of anemia decreased with age.When adding supplementary food for the first time,infants and young children who added other supplementary foods(ordinary rice flour,fruit,eggs and others)were more prone to anemia than those with fortified iron rice flour ordinary rice noodles.Compared with infants with parents as primary caregivers,infants with grandparents as primary caregivers were not prone to anemia.CONCLUSION The incidence rate of anemia in infants aged 6-36 months in Bao’an District was lower than that foreign level,but higher than Pudong District of Shanghai.The peak period of anemia occurred in infants and young children at the age of 6~12 months.With the increase of age,the incidence of infant anemia decreased.Unscientific addition of supplementary food was easy to cause infant anemia.Grandparents/grandparents were the main caregivers of infants and young children who were not prone to anemia.

关 键 词：婴幼儿 贫血 影响因素 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]