秸秆还田对日光温室土壤微环境的影响  

Effect of Different Straw Returning Modes on Soil Microenvironment in Solar Greenhouse

作　　者：陈晓峰[1] 魏茜 韩冰 隋好林[1] CHEN Xiaofeng;WEI Xi;HAN Bing;SUI Haolin(Yantai Research Institute,China Agricultural University,Yantai,Shandong 264670,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学烟台研究院,山东烟台264670

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2020年第6期31-34,共4页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国农业大学烟台研究院科研项目“秸秆废弃物在日光温室网纹甜瓜生产上的应用”(YT201905);烟台市重点研发计划项目“设施蔬菜栽培环境生态调控技术研究”(2016ZH076)。

摘　　要：为促进设施农业的循环发展提供理论依据,采用单因素分析方法研究内置式秸秆反应堆发酵后和秸秆粉碎后直接还田对日光温室网纹甜瓜土壤理化性状和微生物数量的影响。结果表明:内置式秸秆反应堆发酵后和秸秆粉碎后直接还田温室土壤有机质、有机碳、全氮、全磷、全钾、速效氮和速效钾含量及土壤pH均较对照(空白,无秸秆还田)显著提高,内置式秸秆反应堆处理各指标依次提高81.96%、102.88%、17.14%、37.50%、28.41%、32.98%、99.01%和12.41%,秸秆直接还田处理各指标依次提高28.35%、32.69%、21.90%、28.13%、31.87%、56.38%、43.07%和8.28%,但其对土壤速效磷含量影响不大;2种秸秆还田方式能显著提高土壤微生物总量,土壤放线菌和细菌数量分别提高186.18%和203.25%,375.94%和190.91%,但不同处理间真菌数量差异不大。The effects of built-in straw rector fermented returning treatment and smashed straw directly returning treatment on physical-chemical property and microbial quantity in soil cultivated with netted melon in solar greenhouse are studied by using single factor analysis method to provide the theoretical basis for promoting cyclic development of facility agriculture.Result:The content of organic matter,organic carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphors,total potassium,available nitrogen,available potassium and pH in soil under built-in straw rector fermented returning treatment and smashed straw directly returning treatment all are higher than CK(without straw returning)significantly.The content of organic matter,organic carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphors,total potassium,available nitrogen,available potassium and pH in soil under built-in straw rector fermented returning treatment increases by 81.96%,102.88%,17.14%,37.50%,28.41%,32.98%,99.01%and 12.41%respectively.The content of organic matter,organic carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphors,total potassium,available nitrogen,available potassium and pH in soil under smashed straw directly returning treatment increases by 28.35%,32.69%,21.90%,28.13%,31.87%,56.38%,43.07%and 8.28%separately.There is a slight influence on available phosphors in soil under built-in straw rector fermented returning treatment and smashed straw directly returning treatment.The two straw returning modes can improve soil microbial quantity significantly.The actinomycetes and bacterial quantity in soil under built-in straw rector fermented returning treatment and smashed straw directly returning treatment increase by 186.18%and 203.25%,375.94%and 190.91%respectively,and there is no obvious difference in fungi number between different treatments.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 日光温室 土壤有机碳 理化性状 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]