电磁辐射法在某水电站岩爆监测中的工程应用  

Electromagnetic Radiation Method for Monitoring Rockburst and Its Engineering Application in a Hydropower Station

作　　者：周春华[1,2] 李云安[1] 尹健民[2] 崔志刚 汪洋[2] Zhou Chunhua;Li Yun’an;Yin Jianmin;Cui Zhigang;Wang Yang(Faculty of Engineering,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,P.R.China;Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of Ministry of Water Resources,Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,P.R.China;Heilongjiang Mudanjiang Pumped Storage Limited Company,Mudanjiang,Heilongjiang 157005,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学工程学院,武汉430074 [2]长江科学院水利部岩土力学与工程重点实验室,武汉430010 [3]黑龙江牡丹江抽水蓄能有限公司,黑龙江牡丹江157005

出　　处：《地下空间与工程学报》2020年第3期882-890,共9页Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0401803);国家自然科学基金委与广东省联合基金重点基金(U1711266);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(CKSF2017037/YT)。

摘　　要：黑龙江某抽水蓄能电站现场岩爆时滞性特征显著,诱发滞后的时间最长可达1年以上,给现场岩爆监测工作带来较大困难。针对该现象,首次将电磁辐射法应用到水电工程领域,并对地下厂房周边排水廊道及重点部位潜在岩爆的前兆信息进行了监测和分析。通过采用"区域静态"与"局部连续动态"相结合的不同时空层次综合监测方法,对上、中、下3层排水廊道和f34断层影响带的电磁辐射信息进行分析,结果表明:前者电磁辐射强度和脉冲数在空间上呈现"上、下层低,中层高"的分布规律,其中施工扰动和地质构造是主要影响因素;后者电磁辐射强度在空间上分区现象显著,脉冲数在时间上呈"M"型波动的特征,断层裂隙带脉冲数峰值平均降低幅度高达76%,局部应力场调整周期约为8 d,调整方向由厂房中心向厂房右端安装间过渡,与现场施工情况一致。研究结果中电磁辐射强度在空间上的分布规律可为岩爆重点监测范围的圈定提供依据,脉冲数在监测期内所具有的波动周期及幅度则可为现场岩爆监测预警提供判据,进而说明了电磁辐射法在水电工程领域岩爆监测的可行性。后期深入研究与其它监测手段的联合应用,将有助于提高现场岩爆监测预警水平。The rockburst in a pumped storage power station in Heilongjiang province is obviously characterised with the time delayed,especially for the longest delay time up to more than one year,and brings too many difficulties for the rockburst monitoring in site.For the phenomenon,the electromagnetic radiation method was firstly applied in the field of hydropower engineering.The precursory information of potential rockburst near the drainage galleries and the important locations around the underground powerhouse was monitored and analyzed.Based on the comprehensive monitoring method of different spatial and temporal levels combined with“regional-static”and“local-continuously dynamic”,the electromagnetic radiation information of the powerhouse cavern group and the belt of fault f34 was analyzed.The results showed that the electromagnetic radiation intensity and pulse number of the drainage galleries around the powerhouse are characterized by the rule of spatial distribution.The value of upper and lower layer is lower,while the value of middle layer is higher,and the main influencing factors include the construction disturbance and the geological structure.According to the local monitoring results of the fault zone,the electromagnetic radiation intensity is significantly divided in space,and the pulse number fluctuates in“M”shape during the monitoring period.The peak value of pulse number in fault fracture zone is reduced by 76%on average.It also can be inferred that the adjusting period of local stress field are almost 8 days,and the adjusting direction is from the center of the powerhouse to the right side of the erecting bay,consistent with the site construction situation.The spatial distribution of electromagnetic radiation intensity in the study can provide direction for the key monitoring range of rockburst,and the fluctuation period of pulse number will provide criterions for the rockburst monitoring and early warning,which shows the feasibility of electromagnetic radiation method in the field of hydropo

关 键 词：抽水蓄能电站 时滞型岩爆 监测 电磁辐射 时空分布 

分 类 号：TU91[建筑科学—建筑理论]