广西乐业大石围天坑群种子植物区系研究  

Research on flora of seed plants in Dashiwei Karst Tiankeng Group of Leye,Guangxi

作　　者：沈利娜[1] 侯满福[2] 许为斌[3] 黄云峰 梁士楚[5] 张远海[1] 蒋忠诚[1] 陈伟海[1] SHEN Lina;HOU Manfu;XU Weibin;HUANG Yunfeng;LIANG Shichu;ZHANG Yuanhai;JIANG Zhongcheng;CHEN Weihai(Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics,MNR&Guangxi Key Laboratory of Karst Ecosystem and Treatment of Rocky Desertification,MNR,Institute of Karst Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Guilin 541004,Guangxi,China;Key Laboratory of Karst Ecology and Environment Change of Guangxi Department of Education,College of Environment and Resources,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541006,Guangxi,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain,Guangxi Institute of Botany,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guilin 541006,Guangxi,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards,Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine&Pharmaceutical Science,Nanning 530022,China;College of Life Sciences,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541006,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部广西岩溶动力学重点实验室,岩溶生态系统与石漠化治理重点实验室,中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,广西桂林541004 [2]岩溶生态与环境变化研究广西高校重点实验室,广西师范大学环境与资源学院,广西桂林541004 [3]广西喀斯特植物保育与恢复生态学重点实验室,广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所,广西桂林541006 [4]广西中药质量标准研究重点实验室,广西壮族自治区中医药研究院,南宁530022 [5]广西师范大学生命科学学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《广西植物》2020年第6期751-764,共14页Guihaia

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41661012);广西自然科学基金(2018JJA150116);广西教育厅项目(200911MS142);岩溶生态与环境变化研究广西高校重点实验室开放课题(YRHJ16Z15);第四次全国中药资源普查(广西)试点普查项目(GXZYZYPC13-8);全国重要地质遗迹调查项目(DD20179313);西南岩溶区碳酸盐岩地质遗迹调查与评价项目。

摘　　要：广西乐业大石围天坑群(以下简称大石围天坑群)是最典型的塌陷型天坑群。该研究采用样线法和样方法对大石围天坑群的种子植物进行了实地调查,并结合已有资料综合分析了大石围天坑群种子植物区系特征。结果表明:大石围天坑群野生种子植物丰富,有137科445属863种;在科级和属级水平上,地理成分以热带成分为主,中国特有成分相对贫乏;与热带区系的联系主要以泛热带成分为主,与温带区系的联系主要以北温带成分为主;大石围天坑群的热带科和温带科之比以及热带属和温带属之比,均小于中国乐业-凤山世界地质公园,其种子植物区系更能反映该地区过去植物组成的"原貌",即温带成分比例过去的比现代的高,是全球气候变暖的有力证据:天坑群保育了82种珍稀濒危植物,包括30属67种野生兰科植物,是现存珍稀濒危植物的"避难所"。Dashiwei Karst Tiankeng Group,which lies in Leye County,Guangxi(Global GeoPark),is the most typical collapsing Tiankeng group.Many species survived in the relative isolated habitats in karst Tiankeng group.However,the flora of the area left insufficiently known because some of the karst Tiankeng groups are difficult to reach.Based on available data and further field surveys including transect lines and quadrats covering the whole area and interior of main karst Tiankengs,the characteristics of the flora of seed plants were analyzed.The result were as follows:Native seed plants in Dashiwei Karst Tainkeng Group was abundant and various,including 863 species belonging to 445 genera and 137 families.In terms of genus and family level,tropical element was the main floristic geographical components.Species endemic to China were rather poor.Either the ratio of tropical families to temperate families or the ratio of tropical genera to temperate genera was smaller in Dashiwei Karst Tiankeng Group than that of the whole Leye-Fengshan Global Geopark.The seed plant composition of Dashiwei Karst Tiankeng Group can better reflect the original composition of the past.Temperate floristic components used to be more abundant than they are today,which is a persuasive evidence of global warming.In light of 82 species of rare and endangered plants conserved(including 67 wild orchids belonging to 30 genera),Tiankeng group has become a“refuge”for the existing rare and endangered species.

关 键 词：大石围天坑群 种子植物区系 气候变暖证据 避难所 

分 类 号：Q948.5[生物学—植物学]