老年人老化态度影响因素的Meta分析  

A meta-analysis of attitudes to aging questionnaire for older adults

作　　者：武剑倩 钞秋玲[1] Wu Jianqian;Chao Qiuling(School of Public Policy and Administration,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院,西安710049

出　　处：《中华保健医学杂志》2020年第3期115-118,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Care and Medicine

基　　金：陕西省社会科学基金项目(2014G13);国家社会科学基金项目(15BRK024)。

摘　　要：目的利用Meta分析探讨老年人老化态度的状况及影响因素。方法计算机检索中国知网、万方、PsycINFO等数据库,收集2010年01月~2019年12月发表的国内外老化态度的影响因素相关文献,使用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入以老化态度问卷(AAQ)为研究工具的文献20篇,总样本量11 854例。中国老年人和西方老年人在"心理社会丧失"、"生理变化"维度以及总体"老化态度"上的差异不显著(P> 0.05)。在"心理获得"维度上,中国老年人的心理获得水平低于西方老年人,差异有统计学意义(SMD=-0.28);中国超大城市老年人的心理获得水平高于特大城市和小城市的老年人。年龄、受教育程度、婚姻状况、收入水平、社会支持和人格对老化态度有不同程度的影响。老化态度对老年人的生理健康、心理健康、认知水平、社会参与、生活满意度和生活质量有系统影响。结论老化态度是影响老年人整体生活质量的重要因素,从社会支持、老年教育和心理服务等方面提高中国老年人的心理获得感,以促进老化态度积极正向发展。Objective This meta-analysis was designed to assess attitudes to aging in older adults and systematically evaluate the factors of attitudes to aging.Methods The search was conducted in databases include CNKI,Wanfang,PsychINFO,Web of Knowledge etc.in the last 10 years(From January 2010 to December 2019).Results Twenty studies used AAQ as measurement tool were included,and the total sample was 11854.Results showed that although there is no difference between Chinese older adults and western older adults on overall"attitudes to aging"and two dimensions"psychosocial loss","physical change",western older adults reported a significant higher level of psychological growth than Chinese older adults.The psychological growth of Chinese older adults living in megacities were higher than those who living in smaller cities and towns and similar to western older adults.Except gender and living arrangement,demographic variables such as age,education,marital status and income have a significant influence on attitudes toward aging.Further analysis showed that older adults with a positive attitude toward aging tended to have a better physical health,mental health,cognitive function,higher level of social participation,and life satisfaction.Most of all,attitude to aging can well predict quality of life in older adults.Other related factors including intergenerational support,social support and personality.Conclusion The results suggested a significant relationship between overall quality of life and attitudes to aging in older adults.It is critical to enhance psychological growth among Chinese older adults in terms of social support,life-long education and public psychological services,which may have a positive impact on attitudes to aging.

关 键 词：老化态度 老年人 荟萃分析 

分 类 号：R592[医药卫生—老年医学]