NaCl在四翅滨藜适应渗透胁迫中的作用  

Effect of NaCl on the adaption of Atriplex canescens under osmotic stress

作　　者：郭欢[1] 潘雅清 包爱科[1] GUO Huan;Pan Ya-qing;BAO Ai-ke(Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agricultural Ecosystem,College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China;School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室,草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室,兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《草业学报》2020年第7期112-121,共10页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFC0504804);国家自然科学基金(31670405,31971761);兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(lzujbky-2018-k01)资助。

摘　　要：泌盐盐生植物四翅滨藜是一种多年生C4灌木,具有良好的适应盐碱和干旱环境的能力。前期研究发现,通过将过量Na+转运至叶表面盐囊泡、增加Na+对渗透势的贡献以提高植株保水能力是四翅滨藜耐盐的主要策略,且100 mmol·L^-1 NaCl可显著刺激其生长。为进一步探究NaCl是否有助于缓解渗透胁迫对四翅滨藜生长的不利影响,本研究分别用不含和含有100 mmol·L^-1 NaCl的山梨醇引起的总渗透势为-0.2和-0.5 MPa的1/2 Hoagland营养液处理5周龄四翅滨藜幼苗5 d。结果表明,在渗透胁迫下,NaCl的添加可增加叶片相对含水量、提高净光合速率以及降低叶渗透势(Ψs),从而促进四翅滨藜的生长。NaCl的添加还显著增加了茎叶组织及叶盐囊泡中的Na+积累并提高了Na+对叶Ψs的贡献,且对茎叶组织中K+含量影响较小。此外,渗透胁迫下,添加一定浓度NaCl显著增加了植株中游离脯氨酸和甜菜碱含量,它们除作为保护剂减轻渗透胁迫损伤外,还参与植株的渗透调节,从而进一步提高四翅滨藜对渗透胁迫的适应性。综上所述,适宜浓度的NaCl的确能够有效缓解渗透胁迫对四翅滨藜生长的不利影响。Secretohalophyte Atriplex canescens is a C 4 perennial shrub with excellent resistance to salinity and drought.Our previous study showed that the transport of excessive Na^+into leaf salt bladders and contribution of the elevated Na^+concentration to leaf osmotic potential(Ψs)improves water status of plants and is a primary strategy in salt tolerance of A.canescens.The external application of 100 mmol·L^-1 NaCl can substantially stimulate the growth of A.canescens.To investigate whether NaCl could help to alleviate deleterious impacts of osmotic stress on the growth of A.canescens,five-week-old seedlings were subjected to two osmotic stress levels(-0.2 and-0.5 MPa)induced by D-sorbitol in the presence or absence of an additional 100 mmol·L^-1 NaCl.It was found that under osmotic stress,the addition of NaCl obviously improved the growth of A.canescens.Leaf relative water content was increased,net photosynthetic rate was enhanced and significantly more negativeΨs was induced.Furthermore,exogenous NaCl significantly increased Na+concentration in stem,leaf tissues and leaf salt bladders as well as enhancing the Na+contribution to leafΨs,with little adverse effect on K^+accumulation in stem and leaf tissues.In addition,the content of free proline and betaine in plants was significantly increased in the presence of NaCl under osmotic stress,and their contributions to leafΨs were significantly increased by additional NaCl under osmotic stress.This suggests that compatible solutes,in addition to functioning as protectants,are also involved in osmotic adjustment to further alleviate the deleterious impacts of osmotic stress.In summary,the appropriate concentration of NaCl does effectively alleviate the adverse impacts of osmotic stress on the growth of A.canescens.

关 键 词：四翅滨藜 盐生植物 渗透胁迫 NACL 渗透调节 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]