贵州黔南黑猪不同杂交组合后代的繁殖、生长和胴体性能比较  

Comparative study on reproduction, growth and carcass performance of progenies of black pigs of different hybrid combinations in Qiannan Prefecture of Guizhou Province

作　　者：乔艳龙 莘海亮[2] 田兴舟[3] 倪萌萌 陈胜昌[3] 夏先林[3] QIAO Yanlong;XIN Hailiang;TIAN Xingzhou;NI Mengmeng;CHEN Shengchang;XIA Xianlin(Guizhou Vocational College of Agriculture,Qingzhen 551400,China;Southeast Guizhou National Vocational College of Technology,Kaili 556000,China;College of Animal Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州农业职业学院,贵州清镇551400 [2]黔东南民族职业技术学院,贵州凯里556000 [3]贵州大学动物科学学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2020年第6期5-9,共5页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：贵州省农业攻关课题(黔科合支撑[2018]2279号);贵州省农业攻关课题(黔科合支撑[2016]2587号);黔东南州科技计划项目(黔东南科合J字[2018]014号)。

摘　　要：为了探索出能够提高黔南黑猪繁殖、生长和胴体性能的途径,筛选出优质黔南黑猪杂交组合配套系,以黔南黑猪和二元杂交猪为母本,杜洛克为终端父本,开展杜黔(杜♂×黔♀)、杜大黔(杜♂×大黔♀)、杜长黔(杜♂×长黔♀)和杜长大(杜♂×长大♀)杂交试验,在饲养管理环境和营养水平相同条件下,对杂交后代的生产性能进行测定,比较不同组合的后代的杂交性能。结果显示:杜黔组的窝产仔数、窝产活仔数和每窝断奶仔猪数均高于其他杂交组,差异显著(P<0.05);杜黔组的断奶仔猪死亡率均低于其他杂交组,与杜长大组差异显著(P<0.05);杜黔组的出生重较其他杂交组低,且与杜长黔组和杜长大组差异显著(P<0.05),而出生窝重与杜长大组差异不显著(P>0.05);21日龄重,杜黔组较杜长大组差异显著(P<0.05),杜大黔和杜长黔与杜长大组差异显著(P<0.05);30日龄断奶窝重,杜黔组与杜长黔和杜大黔组差异不显著(P>0.05),但与杜长大组差异显著(P<0.05);杜黔组与其他3组日增重差异显著(P<0.05),杜长大组最高,杜黔组最低;平均料重比杜黔组最大,杜长大组最小,且差异显著(P<0.05);平均始重、平均末重、饲料总消耗量、平均日采食量各组差异不显著(P>0.05)。杜黔组猪的胴体重、瘦肉率、脂率、眼肌面积和其他3组差异显著(P<0.05)。结果表明:通过杂交改良可显著提高黔南黑猪生产性能,其中以杜长黔和杜大黔杂交效果较好。In order to explore a way to improve the reproduction,growth and carcass performance of black pigs in Qiannan Prefecture of Guizhou Province,and to screen a complete set of hybrid combinations of high quality traits for the black pigs,we used Qiannan black sows and binary-hybridization sows as female parents and Durok boars as terminal male parents,and carried out hybridization tests on Du-Qian(Du♂×Qian♀),Du-Da-Qian(Du♂×Da-Qian♀),Du-Chang-Qian(Du♂×Chang-Qian♀)and Du-Chang-Da(Du♂×Chang-Da♀)pigs,under the same conditions of the feeding management and nutrition levels.Then,we measured the production performance of hybrid progenies and compared their crossing performance.The results were that the Du-Qian group produced significantly higher total number of piglets,more live ones and more weaned ones in a litter than the other hybrid groups(P<0.05).The weaned piglets of the group had a significantly lower mortality rate than Du-Chang-Da group(P<0.05).However,their birth weight was lower than that of the other hybrid ones,and it was significantly different from that of the Du-Chang-Qian group and the Du-Chang-Da group(P<0.05),but not so from that of the Du-Chang-Da group(P>0.05).In terms of weight at 21 days of age,the Du-qian group were not significantly different from the Du-Chang-Da group(P<0.05),but there was significant difference between the Du-Da-Qian and Du-Chang-Qian groups and the DuChang-Da group(P<0.05).In terms of weaning litter weight at 30 days of age,the difference was not significant among the Du-Qian,DuChang-Qian and Du-Da-Qian groups(P>0.05),but was significant between Du-Qian group and the Du-Chang-Da group(P<0.05).The daily weight gains of Du-Qian group was significantly different from other groups(P<0.05),with the Du-Chang-Da group having the highest weight gain and the Du-Qian group the lowest one.The average feed-weight ratio was significantly different between the groups(P<0.05),with the highest ratio for the Du-Qian group and the lowest for the Du-Chang-Da group.In average i

关 键 词：黔南黑猪 杂交改良 繁殖性能 后代生产性能 

分 类 号：S828.8[农业科学—畜牧学]