江苏某发酵床养殖奶牛场日产奶量和体细胞评分影响因素分析  

Analysis of Influencing Factors on Dairy Yield and Somatic Cell Score of a Fermentation Bed Dairy Farm in Jiangsu Province

作　　者：周部 刘雨吉 吴欣悦 谭德金 梁艳 杨章平[1] 毛永江[1] ZHOU Bu;LIU Yu-ji;WU Xin-yue;TAN De-jin;LIANG Yan;YANG Zhang-ping;MAO Yong-jiang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州225009

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2020年第6期21-25,共5页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：江苏省农业自主创新基金项目[CX(17)1005];江苏省高等学校自然科学研究项目(18KJA230003);江苏现代农业(奶牛)产业技术体系项目(JATS[2018]300);江苏省“六大人才高峰”项目(NY-093)。

摘　　要：为了探究江苏某发酵床养殖奶牛场日产奶量和体细胞评分变化趋势及其影响因素,利用最小二乘法对该牛场2018年4560头次荷斯坦牛DHI测定数据进行分析,探索不同胎次、产犊季节、采样月份、泌乳阶段等因素对荷斯坦牛日产奶量和体细胞评分(SCS)的影响。结果表明:不同胎次对荷斯坦牛日产奶量有显著影响(P<0.05);不同产犊季节、采样月份和泌乳阶段对荷斯坦牛日产奶量和SCS有显著影响(P<0.05)。其中,经产奶牛日产奶量显著高于初产奶牛(P<0.05);产犊季节为秋季时日产奶量最高,冬季时SCS最高,均显著高于其他季节(P<0.05);在8月份的日产奶量最低,而SCS最高;日产奶量随泌乳阶段增加而降低,SCS随泌乳阶段的增加而升高。综上所述,胎次、产犊季节、采样月份和泌乳阶段均是影响发酵床养殖环境下荷斯坦牛日产奶量和体细胞评分的重要因素。In order to explore the changing trend of daily milk yield and somatic cell score of Holstein cattle in a dairy farm of Jiangsu Province and its influencing factors,to provide scientific basis for improving the performance of Holstein cows.In this study,the DHI data of 4560 Holstein cows in 2018 were analyzed by least square method.The effects of different parity,calving season,sampling month and lactation stage on daily milk yield and somatic cell score of Holstein cows were explored.The results showed that different parity had significant effects on daily milk yield of Holstein cows(P<0.01),and different calving season,sampling month and lactation stage had significant effects on daily milk yield and somatic cell score of Holstein cows(P<0.01).Among them,the daily milk yield of multipara cows was significantly higher than that of primipara cows(P<0.05);the daily milk yield of Holstein cows was the highest in autumn and SCS of Holstein cows was the highest in winter(P<0.05);the daily milk yield of Holstein cows was the lowest in August and the highest in SCS;the daily milk yield decreased with the increase of lactation stage,and the SCS increased with the increase of lactation stage.The lactation stage increased.In conclusion,parity,calving season,sampling month and lactation stage are all important factors affecting daily milk yield and somatic cell score of Holstein cattle in fermentation bed.

关 键 词：发酵床养殖 泌乳性能 影响因素 荷斯坦牛 

分 类 号：S823.3[农业科学—畜牧学]