饥饿法强制换羽对蛋鸡免疫功能、血液生化指标及生殖激素的影响  

Effect of Hunger-induced Forced Moulting on Immune Function,Blood Biochemical Indicators and Reproductive Hormone Content in Laying Hens

作　　者：马淑雪 刘幸 赵鹏涛 杨晓华 高玉鹏[1] 闵育娜[1] MA Shuxue;LIU Xing;ZHAO Pengtao;YANG Xiaohua;GAO Yupeng;MIN Yuna(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100;Shaanxi Sanshuiyipin Ecological Agriculture Development Co.,Ltd.,Xianyan,Shaanxi 711300;Shaanxi Weinan Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center,Weinan,Shaanxi 714000)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西三水一品生态农业开发有限公司,陕西咸阳711300 [3]陕西省渭南市畜牧技术推广中心,陕西渭南714000

出　　处：《中国家禽》2020年第6期65-71,共7页China Poultry

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-40-S20)。

摘　　要：为研究饥饿法强制换羽对蛋鸡免疫功能、血液生化指标及生殖激素的影响。选取600只健康、产蛋性能基本一致的449日龄京红1号蛋鸡,随机分为2组,每组10个重复,每个重复30只鸡。试验组实施饥饿法强制换羽(饥饿15 d),对照组饲喂基础日粮,不进行强制换羽。结果显示:换羽进程中,试验组蛋鸡免疫球蛋白水平呈现先下降后上升再下降的趋势;停料期间试验组谷丙转氨酶与谷草转氨酶含量显著升高(P<0.05);换羽过程中碱性磷酸酶水平呈现先下降后上升的趋势;试验组甲状腺激素水平呈现先上升后下降再上升的趋势。换羽结束后,试验组免疫性能较对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);试验组谷丙转氨酶与谷草转氨酶含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),试验组极低密度脂蛋白较对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),试验组碱性磷酸酶含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组甲状腺素、雌激素、促黄体生成素、促卵泡生成素及催产素的含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究表明,饥饿法强制换羽技术可提高产蛋后期蛋鸡的免疫性能,并通过调节生殖激素的变化改善蛋鸡的生殖机能,延长母鸡的利用年限,提高生产效益。The study was aimed to investigate the effects of hunger-induced forced moulting on immune function,blood biochemical indicators and reproductive hormones of laying hens.Six hundred 449-day-age Jinghong layers were randomly assigned into 2 groups of 10 replicates each group,with 30 birds per replicate.The experimental group was implemented with the hunger-induced forced moulting,and the control group was fed basal diet without forced moulting.The results indicated that during the process of molting,the immunoglobulin levels of the laying hens in the experimental group showed a trend of declining at the begining and rising up in late and then decreasing;The level of alkaline phosphatase showed an upward trend after falling.The thyroid hormone level of the laying hens in the experimental group showed a trend of rising firstly and decreasing in late and then rising.After moulting,the immune function of the experimental group was not significantly different from the control group(P>0.05);glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(ALT)and glutamic oxaloacetic aminotransferase(AST)contents in the experimental group were significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05),the very low density lipoprotein(VLDL)of the experimental group was not significantly different from the control group(P>0.05),the plasma alkaline phosphatase(AKP)level in experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The plasma levels of thyroxine,estrogen,luteinizing hormone(LH),follicle stimulating hormone and oxytocin in the experimental group were significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The combined data suggested that the hunger-induced forced moulting technique had a good application effect on the Jinghong No.1 laying hens,which could effectively improve the immune function of layers at the later laying period,improve the reproductive function by regulating the changes of reproductive hormones,extend the utilization period of hens and increase production efficiency.

关 键 词：饥饿法强制换羽 京红1号蛋鸡 血液生化指标 生殖激素 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]