妊娠期糖尿病高危孕妇饮食行为现状及其影响因素分析  

Status and influencing factors of dietary behavior in pregnant women at high risk of gestational diabetes mellitus

作　　者：张萍[1] 杨慧丽 蒋青[2] 金爱英[1] 汪小华[3] 刘金环[4] ZHANG Ping;YANG huili;JIANG qing;JIN aiying;WANG Xiaohua;LIU Jinhuan(Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,Jiangsu Province,Suzhou215006,China;Department of Endocrinology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,Jiangsu Province,Suzhou215006,China;Department of Nursing,the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,Jiangsu Province,Suzhou215006,China;Department of Nursing,the People′s Hospital of SND,Jiangsu Province,Suzhou215006,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学附属第一医院妇产科,江苏苏州215006 [2]苏州大学附属第一医院内分泌科,江苏苏州215006 [3]苏州大学附属第一医院护理部,江苏苏州215006 [4]江苏省苏州高新区人民医院护理部,江苏苏州215129

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2020年第18期118-122,共5页China Medical Herald

基　　金：江苏省苏州市科技计划项目(SYS2019026)。

摘　　要：目的了解妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)高危孕妇的饮食行为现状及影响因素,并分析饮食行为与GDM的相关性。方法采用便利抽样选取2018年12月~2019年3月苏州大学附属第一医院的274例妊娠期糖尿高危孕妇作为调查对象,用一般资料调查表和饮食行为问卷进行调查,并随访了160例孕妇GDM的发生情况。结果孕妇饮食行为总分为(34.70±8.60)分。文化程度、胎次、现居住地是GDM饮食行为总分的影响因素(P <0.05);文化程度、胎次、年龄是维度一的影响因素(P <0.05);文化程度、胎次、一级亲属糖尿病史是维度二的影响因素(P <0.05);个人月收入、不良孕产史、孕前体重指数是维度三的影响因素(P <0.05)。GDM发生与饮食行为总分、维度二得分、维度三得分呈正相关(r_s=0.201、0.170、0.180,P <0.05)。结论不健康的饮食行为是GDM发生的高危因素之一,因此应对相关人群进行合理的、尽早的饮食干预,降低GDM的发生率。Objective To understand the status of dietary behaviors and its influencing factors in pregnant women at high risk of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)and analyze the correlation between dietary behaviors and GDM.Methods A convenient sampling method was used among 274 pregnant women with high risk of GDM in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from December 2018 to March 2019.Demographic data questionnaire and diet behavior scale were used to collect data.The incidence of GDM was observed in 160 pregnant women.Results The total scores of GDM diet was(34.70±8.60)points.Educational level,birth order and place of residence were the influencing factors of dietary behavior(P<0.05);educational level,birth order and age were the influencing factors of dimension one(P<0.05);educational level,birth order and family history of diabetes(first degree)were the influencing factors of dimension two(P<0.05);personal monthly income,bad pregnancy history and pre-pregnancy body mass index were the influencing factors of dimension three(P<0.05).The occurrence of GDM was positively correlated with the total score of eating behavior,score of dimension two and score of dimension three(rs=0.201,0.170,0.180,P<0.05).Conclusion Unhealthy dietary behaviors are one of the risk factors for the occurrence of GDM.Reasonable dietary behaviors during pregnancy can reduce the risk of GDM occurrence and early intervention should be carried out for the relevant population.

关 键 词：高危 妊娠期糖尿病 饮食行为 影响因素 

分 类 号：R714.2[医药卫生—妇产科学]