裂殖壶菌替代鱼粉对杂交鳢生长性能、形体指标及肌肉营养组成的影响  

Effects of fish meal replacement by Schizochytrium on growth performance,morphology indexes and muscle nutritional composition of Ophiocephalus argus

作　　者：曾娟 高启平[1,2] 任秀芳 ZENG Juan;GAO Qiping;REN Xiufang(Tongwei Co.,LTD,Chengdu,Sichuan Province 610041,China;Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu,Sichuan Province 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]通威股份有限公司,四川成都610041 [2]水产健康养殖四川省重点实验室,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中国饲料》2020年第13期73-78,共6页China Feed

基　　金：优质特色淡水鱼工程产业链关键技术集成与示范(2018NZ0007)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究裂殖壶菌粉替代鱼粉对杂交鳢生长性能、形体指标和肌肉营养组成的影响,探讨裂殖壶菌粉替代杂交鳢饲料中鱼粉的可行性及适宜替代用量。试验以含24%鱼粉的饲料为基础饲料,分别在其基础上添加0.0%、2.5%、5.0%、10.0%裂殖壶菌粉,以替代基础饲料中0.0%、1.0%、2.0%、4.0%的鱼粉,配制成4种等氮、等脂、等蛋氨酸、等赖氨酸的试验饲料,并分别记为S1(0.0%)、S2(2.5%)、S3(5.0%)、S4(10.0%)组,在池塘网箱(2 m×2 m×2 m)中饲喂4组杂交鳢(初始均重567 g)8周。结果表明:随着裂殖壶菌粉用量的增加,饲料系数先下降后上升,蛋白质效率和增重率先上升后下降,但各组间饲料系数、特定生长率、蛋白质效率、增重率和存活率差异不显著(P>0.05)。随着裂殖壶菌粉替代用量的增加,雄鱼肥满度呈先下降后上升的趋势,除S3组外,其他各组差异不显著(P>0.05);脏体比和肝体比逐渐降低,S4组脏体比显著低于S1组(P<0.05)。各组间雌鱼形体指标差异不显著(P>0.05)。裂殖壶菌替代鱼粉后,各组间肌肉水分、粗灰分和粗蛋白质含量差异不显著(P>0.05),总鲜味氨基酸、总氨基酸、粗脂肪、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)及多不饱和脂肪酸含量均大于对照组。由此得出,裂殖壶菌可以替代饲料中部分鱼粉,而不会对杂交鳢的生长性能和形体指标产生显著不利影响,还可以提升肌肉品质,改善鱼肉风味,但替代比例过高会影响杂交鳢的生长。综合各项指标,建议裂殖壶菌在杂交鳢饲料中替代鱼粉的用量不宜超过5.0%。The study was conducted to evaluate effects of fish meal replacement by Schizochytrium on growth performance,morphology indexes and muscle nutritional composition of Ophiocephalus argus,and investigate the feasibility and optimal dietary substitute proportion of Schizochytrium in replacing fish meal for Ophiocephalus argus.Four isonitrogenous,isolipidic,isomethionine and isolysine diets were formulated by replacing 0.0%,1.0%,2.0%and 4.0%of fish meal(the addition of fish meal in the basal diet was 24%)with Schizochytrium,and named groups S1(0.0%),S2(2.5%),S3(5.0%)and S4(10.0%),respectively.The experiment lasted for 8 weeks in pond cages(2 m×2 m×2 m)(initial weight 567 g).The results showed that no significant differences were found in feed conversion ratio(FCR),specific growth rate(SGR),protein efficiency ratio(PER),weight gain rate(WGR)and survival rate(SR)among groups(P>0.05),but with the increase of replacement amount of Schizochytrium,the FCR decreased first and then increased,the PER and WGR increased first and then decreased.With the increase of replacement amount of Schizochytrium,the condition factor(CF)of male body decreased first and then increased,and compared with control group,no significant differences were found between groups 2.5%and 10.0%(P>0.05).The viscerosomitic index and hepatosomatic index showed a downward trend,and the viscerosomitic index of group 10.0%was significantly lower than control group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in female body morphology indexes among the groups(P>0.05).The contents of muscle total flavor amino acids,total amino acids,ether extract,docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)and polyunsaturated fatty acids were higher than control group,when there were no significant differences in the contents of moisture,ash and crude protein.The results indicated that it was feasible to replace a certain amount of fish meal with Schizochytrium in Ophiocephalus argus diets without significant effect on growth performance and morphology indexes,and improve muscle quality and fl

关 键 词：裂殖壶菌 杂交鳢 生长性能 形体指标 肌肉营养组成 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]