散射子直径成像超声组织定征研究综述  

Ultrasound Tissue Characterization Using Scatterer Size Imaging:A Review

作　　者：丁琪瑛[1] 吴水才[2] 宋爽 周著黄[2] DING Qiying;WU Shuicai;SONG Shuang;ZHOU Zhuhuang(Ultrasound Room,University Hospital,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;College of Life Science and Bioengineering,Beijing University of Technology,Intelligent Physiological Measurement and Clinical Translation,Beijing International Base for Scientific and Technological Cooperation,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学校医院超声室,北京100124 [2]北京工业大学生命科学与生物工程学院,智能化生理测量与临床转化北京市国际科研合作基地,北京100124

出　　处：《生命科学仪器》2020年第3期28-37,共10页Life Science Instruments

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目(4184081);国家自然科学基金项目(11804013);国家自然科学基金项目(61871005)。

摘　　要：定量超声从背散射(射频)信号中挖掘传统B超所未利用的频率、相位、概率统计等量化信息,用于超声组织定征。超声散射子直径是一类重要的定量超声参数。超声散射子直径成像可以提供与组织微结构相关的定量信息,因此可成为传统B超成像的有益补充。本文综述超声散射子直径的理论基础和主要估算方法、超声散射子直径成像技术及主要应用。系统阐述功率谱拟合直线斜率-散射子直径理论建模法、形状因子比对法、高斯形状因子功率谱比对法、高斯形状因子背散射系数比对法等散射子直径估算方法。总结散射子直径成像在超声组织定征中的应用,包括眼睛、肾脏、甲状腺、肝脏、乳腺等组织。深入讨论现有超声散射子直径估算方法和成像技术存在的不足,并对超声散射子直径成像技术的未来研究工作进行展望。Quantitative ultrasound extracts quantified information from backscattered(radiofrequency)signals for ultrasound tissue characterization,such as frequency,phase and probability statistics which are not used by conventional B-mode ultrasound imaging.Ultrasound scatterer size(diameter)is an important quantitative ultrasound parameter.Ultrasound scatterer size imaging can provide quantitative information related to tissue microstructures,so it can be a useful complement to conventional B-mode ultrasound imaging.In this paper,the theoretical basis and main estimation methods of ultrasound scatterer size,together with imaging technology of ultrasound scatterer size and its main applications,are reviewed.The scatterer size estimation methods are mainly divided into spectral slope vs.scatterer size theoretical modeling method,form factor comparison method,Gaussian form factor power spectrum comparison method,and Gaussian form factor backscatter coefficient comparison method,which are systematically expounded.The application of scatterer size imaging in ultrasound tissue characterization is summarized,including eye,kidney,thyroid,liver,breast and other tissues.The shortcomings of existing methods for estimating the size of ultrasound scatterers and imaging techniques are discussed in depth,and the future research work of ultrasound scatterer size imaging technology is prospected.

关 键 词：定量超声 散射子有效直径 超声背散射信号 参数成像 超声组织定征 

分 类 号：TB52[理学—物理]