陕西省新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情流行病学特征  

Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：张辉[1] 冀贞浩[1] 刘南[1] 白尧 李倩[1] 刘继锋[1] 刘昆 陈志军[1] ZHANG Hui;JI Zhen-hao;LIU Nan;BAI Yao;LI Qian;LIU Ji-feng;LIU Kun;CHEN Zhi-jun(Department of Infectious Disease Control,Xi’an Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xi fan 710054,China;Department of Military PreventiveMedicine,Air Force Medical University,Xi’an 710032,China)

机构地区：[1]西安市疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制科,西安710054 [2]空军军医大学军事预防医学系,西安710032

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2020年第6期655-659,共5页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81803289);西安市卫生科研项目(J201802036)。

摘　　要：目的分析陕西省新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19)疫情流行特征,为更好地防控疫情提供参考依据。方法从陕西省卫生健康委员会官网上收集全省COVID-19病例个案资料,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果截至2020年3月15日,全省共报告COVID-19病例245例(男131例,女114例),含输入病例116例(有湖北旅居史者97例),本地续发病例114例,无明确接触史者15例;死亡2例。共报告46起聚集性疫情,家庭聚集性疫情占84.78%(39/46)。两次疫情高峰分别出现在1月27日(20例)和1月31日(18例)。西安市报告病例占全省48.98%(120/245)。40~岁病例最多(60例)。病例发病到首诊时间为1.0 (0.5,3.0) d,首诊到确诊为4.0(3.0, 6.0) d,发病到确诊为6.0(4.0,9.0) d。本地病例发病到确诊时间(7 d)较输入病例(5 d)长;首诊前服药病例发病到确诊时间(9 d)较未服药病例(6 d)长;首诊选择社区医院病例首诊到确诊时间(7 d)较二级(3 d)、三级(4 d)医院病例长。结论陕西省COVID-19疫情分为输入病例为主和本地病例为主两个阶段,家庭聚集性是其重要特征。病例感染来源,首诊前是否服药和首诊医院级别可影响疾病确诊。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of 245 confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in Shaanxi Province, so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of COVID-19. Methods The data of confirmed cases of COVID-19 obtained from the official website of Shaanxi Province health commission were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological analysis. Results Totally 245 cases(131 male and 114 female) were reported, including 114 indigenous cases, 116 imported cases(97 with sojourn history of Hubei Province), 15 cases without clear infectious sources and 2 deaths. Totally 46 clusters of COVID-19 were reported, while 39 were family clusters(84.78%, 39/46). The results showed that there were 2 peaks of epidemic curve occurred on January 27 th(20 cases) and January 31 th(18 cases), 2020, respectively. Xi’an city reported the most cases of COVID-19,accounting for 48.98%(120/245). The age group of 40-years old reported the most cases, with 60 cases. The median days were 1.0(0.5,3.0) d from onset to the first-diagnosis, 4.0(3.0,6.0) d from the first-diagnosis to confirmation and 6.0(4.0,9.0) d from onset to confirmed diagnosis. The median days from onset to confirmed diagnosis of indigenous cases(7 d) and self-treatment cases(9 d) were longer than that of imported cases(5 d) and no self-treatment cases(6 d), respectively. The median day from the first-diagnosis to confirmation of the cases first-diagnosed in community hospitals(7 d) was longer than that of the cases first-diagnosed in secondary(3 d) or tertiary(4 d) hospitals. Conclusions The epidemic of Shaanxi Province was divided into two stages, characterized by familial clusters. The infectious source of cases, with or without self-treatment before the first-diagnosis and the grade of first-diagnosis hospitals were factors that affected the confirmation of the cases.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 流行病学特征 聚集性疫情 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]