采煤机技术发展历程(二)——铣削式滚筒采煤机  

The development history of coal shearer technology(Part two)——milling drum shearer

作　　者：葛世荣 Ge Shirong(School of Mechanical Electronic & Information Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China;Institute of Intelligent Mines & Robotics, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)机电与信息工程学院,北京市海淀区100083 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)智慧矿山与机器人研究院,北京市海淀区100083

出　　处：《中国煤炭》2020年第7期4-18,共15页China Coal

摘　　要：铣削式滚筒采煤机是采煤机械的一次变革,已成为煤炭开采的主力装备,我国滚筒采煤机开采煤炭产量占比达到80%以上。笔者梳理了国内外滚筒采煤机的发展历程,考证了滚筒采煤机的技术变革节点。英国安德森公司于1948年改制成第1台滚筒采煤机,开启了滚筒采煤机的制造史,我国自主生产滚筒采煤机比国外晚,但在采煤机结构调整时期,我国特大型滚筒采煤机研发及机型更新速度明显快于国外,近5年来更是创造了一批采煤机功率或采高的世界新记录。至今,滚筒采煤机发展经历了7次变革,第1代采煤机是1952年诞生的安德森型固定滚筒采煤机,第2代采煤机是1963年创制的AB型可调高单螺旋滚筒采煤机,第3代采煤机是1972年出现的AM500型液压牵引可调高双滚筒采煤机,第4代是无链牵引采煤机,第5代是电牵引采煤机,第6代是仿形(记忆)截割采煤机,第7代是无人驾驶采煤机。本篇仅介绍机械牵引和液压牵引的滚筒采煤机,电牵引滚筒采煤机将另文叙述。统计表明,国外各公司设计生产了50余种非电牵引的滚筒采煤机,而我国设计生产了近100种非电牵引的滚筒采煤机。Milling drum shearer was a technology revolution for coal cutting machine,and had been the main equipment of coal mining.In China,the coal production by drum shearer accounted for more than 80%.The author sumamarized the development process of the drum shearer made by domestic and overseas,the technical changing time points of the drum shearer were noted.British Anderson Company restructured the first drum shearer in 1948,opened the drum shearer manufacturing history.Our country's independent products of drum shearer were later than the abroad,but the development of larger drum shearer and the model update speed were very faster than foreign countries'.In recent five years,our country mines created new records of drum shearer's power or cutting height.Untill now,the drum shearer had experienced seven times revolution.The first generation of shearer was the Anderson fixed cutting drum produced in 1952.The second generation was the AB type adjustable hight single drum shearer created in 1963.The third generation was AM500 type hydraulic traction double-drum shearer manufactured in 1972.The fourth generation was represented by chainless traction drum shearer.The fifth generation was electrical motor drived drum shearer.The sixth generation of drum shearer developed with the function of contouring(memory)coal seam cutting.The seventh generation would be unmanned drum shearer.In this paper,the author only introduced the drum shearers with mechanical and hydraulic traction,the electric traction drum shearer would be described in another article.The statistics showed that foreign companies had designed and produced more than 50 kinds of non-electric traction drum shearers,while Chinese companies had designed and produced nearly 100 kinds of non-electric traction drum shearers.

关 键 词：滚筒采煤机 采煤机械化 采煤机发展史 

分 类 号：TD421.61[矿业工程—矿山机电]