各向异性叠前深度偏移技术在TSN油田的应用  

Application of Anisotropic Prestack Depth Migration Technology to TSN Oilfield

作　　者：韩博[1] 吴礼明 陶长江[2] 杨鹏程[2] Han Bo;Wu Liming;Tao Changjiang;Yang Pengcheng(Northwest Oilfield Branch, China Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Urumqi Xinjiang 830011, China;Jiangsu Oilfield Branch, China Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Nanjing Jiangsu 210046, China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司西北油田分公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司江苏油田分公司,江苏南京210046

出　　处：《工程地球物理学报》2020年第3期283-290,共8页Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics

基　　金：中国石油化工股份有限公司重大先导项目(编号:2018KTXD01)。

摘　　要：塔里木盆地库车坳陷南缘低幅度构造领域是TSN地区重要的勘探领域。工区北部山前地表条件复杂、地下构造复杂、速度场复杂,导致地震资料信噪比偏低、成像效果差,给地震解释带来了多解性,从而制约了圈闭落实和油气藏的勘探开发。通过山前带地震资料处理攻关,形成了平滑地表各向异性叠前深度偏移技术。叠前深度偏移速度建模中,采用了DWT(回转波层析)构建表层速度场;综合应用地质、测井、VSP资料约束建立了中深层速度模型,采用井控各向异性参数提取、模型逐层迭代、道集拉平质控及网格层析成像技术提高了速度模型和成像的精度。通过各向异性叠前深度偏移处理,库车坳陷南缘低幅度构造地震资料信噪比和成像质量明显提高,目的层成像深度与实钻井分层吻合更好,偏移归位更准确,有效地指导了勘探井位部署。The low-amplitude structure in the southern margin of the Kuqa depression in the Tarim Basin is an important exploration domain in the TSN area.The surface conditions in the northern foothills of the industrial area,the underground structure and the velocity field are complex,which leads to low signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data and poor imaging effect,and brings multiple solutions to the interpretation of the earthquake,which restricts the implementation of traps and the exploration and development of oil and gas reservoirs.Through the seismic data processing in front of the mountain,a smooth surface anisotropic prestack depth migration technique has been formed.In the prestack depth migration velocity modeling,the surface velocity field has been constructed by using DWT(rotary wave tomography);the velocity model of middle and deep formation has been established by using geological,logging and VSP data constraints.The velocity model and imaging accuracy have been improved by using well-controlled anisotropic parameter extraction,model layer-by-layer iteration,gather leveling quality control and network tomography technology.Through anisotropic prestack depth migration processing,the signal-to-noise ratio and imaging quality of seismic data of low-amplitude structures in the southern margin of Kuqa depression are obviously improved,the imaging depth of target formation is better consistent with the actual drilling layers,and the migration location is more accurate,which effectively guides the exploration well deployment.

关 键 词：库车坳陷南缘 山前带 平滑地表 各向异性参数 速度建模 叠前深度偏移 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]