我国优秀射箭运动员备战国际比赛赛前与赛间竞技状态监控的研究——国家队备战第32届夏季奥运会的启示  

Monitoring of Before-and-while-game Competing State of Chinese Elite Archers Preparing for International Competition:A Possible Solution for National Team Preparing for the 32^th Summer Olympic Games

作　　者：吴尽 韩晓伟 王骏昇[1] 尹军[1] WU Jin;HAN Xiaowei;WANG Junsheng;YIN Jun(Capital University of Physical Education And Sports,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]首都体育学院,北京100191

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2020年第7期64-70,共7页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：北京市属高校高水平教师队伍建设支持计划高水平创新团队建设计划(IDHT20170515);北京市属高校高水平教师队伍建设支持计划青年拔尖人才项目(CIT&TCD201804092)。

摘　　要：目的:探寻适合射箭运动员赛前、赛间竞技状态监控的心率变异性(HRV)指标,为科学监控、评价射箭运动员的竞技状态提供依据和参考。方法:对参加2019年世锦赛选拔赛的16名运动员(8男、8女)的赛前、赛间HRV变化特点进行研究,将赛前HRV基础值和赛间值进行比较分析,并与运动成绩做关联分析。结果:和赛前基础值相比较,赛间HRV指标SDNN、TP出现了显著下降(P<0.05);赛前HRV指标LF/HF、HFn.u、LFn.u和奥林匹克淘汰赛环值之间存在显著的相关性(P<0.01);赛间HRV指标LF/HF、HFn.u、LFms2、LFn.u和三支箭附加赛环值之间存在显著的相关性(P<0.05)。结论:比赛期间,运动员可能存在轻度疲劳和焦虑现象;HRV指标可以作为评价运动员赛前、赛间状态的客观依据;HRV中的SDNN、TP、LF/HF、LFn.u、HFn.u、LFms2可以作为监控运动员竞技状态的客观指标,并根据研究结果给出相关建议,从而为我国射箭队更好地备战第32届夏季奥运会提供科学保障。Objective:The paper explores archers’before-and-while-game heart rate variability(HRV)to offer reference for monitoring and evaluating their competing states.Methods:It herewith studies before-and-while-game HRV changes over 16 athletes(8 males and 8 females)in trials of 2019 World Championship by comparing between their before-game HRV initial values and while-game HRVs,and carries out correlation analysis with their performance.Results:1)Compared with their before-game values,SDNN and TP,two while-game HRV indicators,remarkably decrease(P<0.05);2)LF/HF,HFn.u,and LFn.u,three before-game HRV indicators,and ring numbers of Olympic knockouts are significantly correlated(P<0.01);3)LF/HF,HFn.u,LFms2,and LFn.u,four while-game HRV indicators,and ring numbers of tri-arrow additional match are also significantly correlated(P<0.05).Conclusion:1)While-game athletes are vulnerable to light fatigue and anxiety;2)HRV is statistically reliable to evaluate their before-andwhile-game competing state;3)SDNN,TP,LF/HF,LFn.u,HFn.u,and LFms2 are reliable HRV monitoring indicators for athletes.The paper thereby offers suggestions on higher-level effective preparation of China’s archers for the 32th Summer Olympic Games.

关 键 词：心率变异性 射箭 竞技状态 监控 

分 类 号：G887[文化科学—体育训练]