生态恢复对长湖水质时空变化的影响  

The Effect of Ecological Restoration on Spatial and Temporal Variations of Water Quality in Changhu Lake

作　　者：杨军 王海艳[1,2] 柴毅 YANG Jun;WANG Hai-yan;CHAI Yi(College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei Province, China;Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei Province, China;College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei Province, China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025 [2]长江大学湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心,湖北荆州434025 [3]长江大学动物科学学院,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2020年第7期77-81,84,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD25B08-03);长江大学湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心项目(KF2018111)。

摘　　要：湖泊富营养化是我国重要的水污染问题之一。为了研究富营养化湖泊生态恢复前后营养盐的动态变化,以湖北长湖为例,分析了2014-2018年期间长湖4个监测点的水质监测数据。结果表明:从时间变化看,长湖水体营养盐具有明显的年际和季节变化特征,2014-2018年,长湖水体各营养盐浓度总体呈逐渐下降趋势;营养盐含量在1、7月份较高,5月份较低。从空间变化看,沿庙湖、海子湖、马洪台和圆心湖区方向,营养盐含量呈下降趋势。尽管生态恢复工程实施后长湖水质逐渐改善,由恢复前的Ⅴ~劣Ⅴ类转好为Ⅳ~Ⅴ类,但受湖泊周边畜禽养殖和农业种植等外源污染的影响,长湖水质依然不容乐观。为了恢复长湖水体的自净能力,需对流域内的农业面源污染进行有效控制。Eutrophication of lakes is one of the most serious water-pollution problems in China.Much attention has been paid to ecological restoration as a way to reduce its impact on the environment.Research on the effect of ecological restoration on spatial and temporal variations of water nutrient can provide some important scientific evidence for the management of lake water quality.We conducted an investigation in Changhu Lake of Hubei Province where a series of ecological restoration projects including the“removal of aquaculture enclosure”,the“Planting aquatic plants”,and the“fishery stock enhancement”are implemented.According to the water quality monitoring data of four sampling spots from 2014 to 2018,spatiotemporal series analysis was adopted to analyze its variation characteristics,including total nitrogen(TN),ammonia nitrogen(NH+4-N),total phosphorus(TP),and chemical oxygen demand(COD).The results showed that in terms of temporal distribution,the annual and seasonal variations of water nutrients in Changhu Lake was obvious.Water nutrients showed a gradual decline trend from 2014 to 2018.Nutrient concentrations were high in January and July,while low in May.The spatial pattern of water quality showed a gradual improvement trend from Miaohu zone to Haizihu zone,Mahongtai zone,and Yuanxinhu zone.Water quality of Changhu Lake was improved after ecological restoration..However,due to the wastewater discharged by non-point sources including livestock and farming from Changhu Lake basin,the situation is not optimistic.In order to recover the self-purification of water bodies and make the water environment in Changhu Lake favorable to people's production and life,we should control the non-point pollution from Changhu Lake basin effectively.

关 键 词：生态恢复 长湖 营养盐 时空变化 水质 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源] X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]