“最好的社会政策就是最好的刑事政策”出处及原语考略——兼及李斯特刑法思想研究的反思  

On the Source of the Phrase“The Best Social Policy is the Best Criminal Policy”

作　　者：姜瀛[1] 李娜 Jiang Ying;Li Na

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学法学院 [2]东北财经大学法学院

出　　处：《法治社会》2020年第4期105-116,共12页Law-Based Society

摘　　要：“最好的社会政策就是最好的刑事政策”一语为我国刑法学界广泛引用,但其出处及写作背景却不为学界所知。考察发现,该名言并不是李斯特的原语表述,而是经由日本传入我国的“简化版”。李斯特的原语表述应是“一项确实旨在平稳地改善工人阶级整体状况的社会政策,也是最好和最有效的刑事政策”,出自李斯特于1898年12月10日在德累斯顿为格赫基金会所做名为“作为社会病理现象的犯罪”的主题演讲,同名文章收录到李斯特《刑法学文章与学术报告集(第2集)》。在《作为社会病理现象的犯罪》一文中,李斯特重点强调社会因素在诱发犯罪过程中的重要性,主张犯罪是“个体因素”和“不可计量的社会因素”的共同产物,并利用犯罪统计与实证分析方法来论证犯罪原因的多样性,进而明确社会政策在犯罪治理中的重要地位。《作为社会病理现象的犯罪》一文表明,李斯特在该阶段已转向广义刑事政策观。The phrase“the best social policy is the best criminal policy”is widely used in the criminal law circle of China,but its source and writing background are not known by the academic circle.It is found that the famous saying is not Liszt’s primitive expression,but a“simplified version”introduced into China from Japan.Liszt’s primitive expression should be“a social policy that is indeed aimed at steadily improving the overall situation of the working class is also the best and most effective criminal policy”.From the keynote speech entitled“Crime as a Social Pathological Phenomenon”delivered by Liszt to the Gehe Foundation in Dresden on December 10,1898,the article of the same name was included in Liszt’s Collection of Articles and Academic Reports on Criminal Law(Episode 2).In the article“Crime as a Social Pathological Phenomenon”,Liszt emphasizes the importance of social factors in the process of inducing crime,advocates that crime is the common product of“individual factors”and“immeasurable social factors”,proposes the use of crime statistics and empirical analyzing methods to demonstrate the diversity of crime causes,and then clarifies the important position of social policy in crime governance.The article“Crime as a Social Pathological Phenomenon”shows that Liszt has turned to the broad view of criminal policy at this stage.

关 键 词：李斯特 社会政策 刑事政策 犯罪 社会病理现象 

分 类 号：D909[政治法律—法学理论] D924[政治法律—法学]