4种方法在孕产妇临床中检测HIV的比较分析  

Comparative analysis of four HIV testing methods in clinical pregnancy

作　　者：吴永春 张燕 杜金龙 WU Yongchun;ZHANG Yan;DU Jinlong(Department of Clinic Laboratory,the Maternal and Child Health Care Center of Fengxian,Shanghai 201499,China;the Mental Health Center of fengxian,Shanghai 201418,China;Fengcheng Hospital of Fengxian,Shanghai 201411,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市奉贤区妇幼保健所检验科,上海201499 [2]上海市奉贤区精神卫生中心,上海201418 [3]上海市奉贤区奉城医院,上海201411

出　　处：《检验医学与临床》2020年第S01期93-96,共4页Laboratory Medicine and Clinic

摘　　要：目的探讨酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)、乳胶法、胶体硒法、化学发光法(CLIA)4种方法检测HIV抗体,为上海市奉贤区孕产妇临床诊治提供特异度、灵敏度、有效性、安全性更高的指标。方法选取2018年7月至2019年5月上海市奉贤区妇幼保健所收治的1000例25~35岁孕产妇,分别采用4种方法检测并分析其抗体初筛的一致性。结果4种方法无一例漏诊,ELISA假阳性率为0.2%,乳胶法假阳性率为0.9%,胶体硒法假阳性率为1.0%,CLIA假阳性率为0.4%。结论孕产妇HIV抗体检测假阳性率较高,应根据各实验室的检测结果结合流行病学史等相关资料做出HIV的确诊判断,并积极采取措施规避假阳性结果。Objective To investing the specificity,sensitivity,effectiveness and safety of HIV antibody detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),Latex method,colloidal selenium method and chemiluminescence method(CLIA).Methods From July 2018 to May 2019,a total of 1000 pregnant and lying-in women between the ages of 25 to 35 were collected and treated in the maternal and child health care center of Fengxian.The consistency of the initial screening of antibodies in the four methods was analyzed.Results None of the four methods was missed,and the false-positive rate was 0.2%by ELISA,the false positive rate of latex method was 0.9%,the false positive rate of colloidal selenium method was 1.0%,and the false positive rate of CLIA method was 0.4%.Conclusion Due to the high false positive rate of HIV antibody testing in pregnant women,HIV diagnosis should be made according to the method results of each laboratory combined with relevant date such as epidemiological history,and positive measures should be taken to avoid family false positive results.

关 键 词：人类免疫缺陷病毒 酶联免疫吸附试验 乳胶法 胶体硒法 化学发光法 

分 类 号：R44[医药卫生—诊断学]