青年兔与老年兔甲杓肌及环杓后肌组织结构比较  

The Comparison of the Thyroarythenoid Muscle and Posterior Cricoarytenoid Muscle between Young and Old Rats

作　　者：李翠娥[1] 史艳莉 孙晓玲 周涛[1] 詹娜[4] Li Cuie;Shi Yanli;Sun Xiaoling;Zhou Tao;Zhan Na(Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan,430060,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,武汉430060 [2]武汉轻工大学医学技术与护理学院 [3]武汉大学人民医院电镜中心 [4]武汉大学人民医院病理科

出　　处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2020年第4期419-422,共4页Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金(2014CFB729)。

摘　　要：目的比较青年兔与老年兔甲杓肌和环杓后肌的组织结构变化,探讨喉内肌与老年嗓音的关系。方法以健康8月龄雄性大白兔(青年兔)和自然衰老的30月龄大白兔(老年兔)各5只作为研究对象,全麻下取其甲杓肌和环杓后肌,HE染色观察两组甲杓肌和环杓后肌肌纤维的横截面积、直径和计数;透射电镜下观察肌纤维的超微结构,比较两组结果。结果青年兔和老年兔甲杓肌的横截面积分别为128±24μm ~2和110±27μm^2,直径分别为21.8±3.2μm和20.8±3.4μm,肌纤维计数分别为1 548±117条/mm^2和1 375±74条/mm^2;环杓后肌的横截面积分别为91.5±19μm^2和87.6±14μm^2,直径分别为20.8±4.2μm和20.4±3.2μm,肌纤维计数分别为996±112条/mm^2和952±134条/mm^2。老年兔甲杓肌肌纤维的横截面积较青年兔小,肌纤维计数较青年兔减少,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);老年兔与青年兔环杓后肌的横截面积及肌纤维计数差异无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。透射电镜下可见老年兔甲杓肌广泛灶性肌丝断裂溶解,线粒体肿胀,线粒体内嵴扩张,肌浆网扩张;环杓后肌仅见局部小灶性肌丝断裂溶解及小灶性的炎性细胞浸润,线粒体正常,肌浆网有不同程度的扩张;而青年兔甲杓肌及环杓后肌电镜下观察无类似表现。结论老年兔以甲杓肌发生年龄相关性退行性变化为重,环杓后肌的退行性变较甲杓肌轻,老年嗓音的改变可能主要与甲杓肌的退行性变有关。Objective To compare the structure of the thyroarythenoid muscle(TA) and posterior cricoarytenoid muscle(PCA) of young and old rats, and to study the role of the PCA and TA in presbyphonia.Methods Five rats of 8 months old were choosed as young group, and 5 rats of 30 months old were old group. The PCA and TA were isolated. The diameter, cross-sectional area and numbers of the muscle fibers were collected. The ultra microstructure of PCA and TA were observed with TEM.Results The cross-sectional area and numbers of the muscle fibers of TA in old rats were obviously decreased comparing with those of young rats(P<0.05). The data of PCA were also decreased, but there was no statistic differences(P>0.05). There was no statistic differences in the diameters of TA and PCA between the two groups. Broad myofilament ruptures and dissolves, and mitochondrial swelling were observed with TEM in old TA. But only local focus of myofilament ruptures and dissolves, and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed with TEM in old PCA.Conclusion In old rats, age-related changes occur mainly in TA, the degeneration of PCA is slighter than TA. Presbyphonia is mainly related with degeneration of TA.

关 键 词：家兔 老年嗓音 甲杓肌 环杓后肌 

分 类 号：R767.92[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]