钻机旋冲钻孔过程中破岩效率的研究  

Research on rock breaking efficiency of rotary punching drilling rig

作　　者：柳波[1] 倪鹏 谭孝刚 张超[1] LIU Bo;NI Peng;TAN Xiao-gang;ZHANG Chao(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学机电工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《机电工程》2020年第7期801-805,共5页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：长沙市科技计划重点项目(K1501166-11)。

摘　　要：针对岩石钻机旋冲钻孔过程中破岩效率低的问题,基于岩石力学理论和有限元理论,建立了球形钻齿与岩石的相互作用受力模型以及旋冲钻孔破岩的有限元模型。采用了非线性有限元分析软件LS-DYNA来模拟不同参数下的旋冲钻孔过程,得到了钻头破岩过程中钻齿吃入深度与时间以及破碎体积、破碎比功随转速和频率的变化曲线;分析了转速与频率对破岩效率的影响规律。研究结果表明:转速对钻齿吃入深度影响不大,岩石破碎主要发生在冲击力卸载之后,当转速在30 r/min^35 r/min,频率在20 Hz^30 Hz范围内,破岩效率相对较高,能够充分提高能量利用率;该结果可以为钻头的合理设计以及岩石钻具的钻孔工艺参数选择提供依据。Aiming at the low efficiency of rock breaking in the process of rotary drilling,the force model of interaction between spherical drilling teeth and rock,and the finite element model of rock breaking by rotary punching drilling were established,which based on rock mechanics theory and finite element theory.The non-linear finite element analysis software LS-DYNA was used to simulate rotary punching under different parameters.During the drilling process,the variation curves of the depthof the drill teeth with time,and the volume and rock-crushing efficiency of the broken teeth with the rotational speed and frequency were obtained.The influence of rotating speed and frequency on rock breaking efficiency was analyzed.The results indicate that the impact of rotation speed on the bit penetration depth is not significant,rock breaking mainly occurs after the impact force is unloaded,when the rotation speed is 30 r/min^35 r/min and the frequency ranged 20 Hz^30 Hz,the rock breaking efficiency is relatively high,which can fully boost the energy utilization.It provides a basis of the rational design of drill bit and the selection of drilling parameters of rock drilling tools.

关 键 词：旋冲钻孔 破岩效率 旋转速度 冲击频率 LS-DYNA 

分 类 号：TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TP39[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]