2种乳酸菌对军曹鱼幼鱼生长及消化酶、免疫酶活性的影响  

Effects of Two Lactic Acid Bacteria on Growth Performance and Activities of Digestive and Non-specific Immune Enzymes of Juvenile Cobia(Rachycentron canadum)

作　　者：林艾影 王维政 陈刚[1] 张健东[1] 黄建盛[1] 潘传豪[1] 施钢[1] 谢瑞涛[1,2] 周晖 汤保贵[1] LIN Ai-ying;WANG Wei-zheng;CHEN Gang;ZHANG Jian-dong;HUANG Jian-sheng;PAN Chuan-hao;SHI Gang;XIE Rui-tao;ZHOU Hui;TANG Bao-gui(Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China;Key Laboratory of Aquatic,Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Zhanjiang 524025,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524088 [2]农业农村部华南水产鱼畜禽饲料重点实验室,广东湛江524025

出　　处：《广东海洋大学学报》2020年第5期105-110,共6页Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

基　　金：2017年国家海水鱼产业技术体系项目(CARA-47-G08)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究配合饲料中添加乳酸杆菌和粪肠球菌对军曹鱼幼鱼生长、消化酶和免疫酶活性的影响。【方法】在基础饲料中分别按1.0×10^8、3.0×10^8、5.0×10^8cfu/g单独喷洒乳酸杆菌和粪肠球菌两种菌,制作6种饲料,投喂初始体质量(10.66±0.09)g的健康军曹鱼幼鱼10周,以基础饲料为对照组,测定幼鱼生长性能、消化酶和免疫酶指标。【结果】与对照组比,乳酸菌组幼鱼饵料系数降低(P<0.05),增重率和特定生长率呈现先升后降的变化趋势,并显著高于对照组(P<0.05),乳酸杆菌添加组的增重率和特定生长率整体显著高于粪肠球菌添加组(P<0.05),在3.0×10^8cfu/g乳酸杆菌添加组达到最大值;乳酸菌组的淀粉酶(AMS)、胰蛋白酶(TRY)和脂肪酶(LPS)活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);两种乳酸菌添加组的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和溶菌酶(LZM)活性高于对照组,而丙二醛(MAD)活性显著低于对照(P<0.05)。【结论】以喷洒方式在饲料中添加乳酸杆菌和粪肠球菌,可显著提高军曹鱼的生长性能、消化能力和非特异性免疫力,影响效果与添加量和添加乳酸菌种类有关,乳酸杆菌对军曹鱼的相关作用效果优于粪肠球菌,以3.0×10^8cfu/g乳酸杆菌的效果最佳。【Objective】To investigate the effects of adding two lactic acid bacteria(i.e.Lactobacillus sp.and Enterococcus faecalis)to feed on the growth performance,digestive enzymes and immune enzymes activities of juvenile cobia(Rachycentron canadum).【Method】The basic compound feed was used as the control group,and Lactobacillus sp.and Enterococcus faecalis were sprayed separately onto the base feed at 1.0×10^8,3.0×10^8 and 5.0×10^8 cfu/g,respectively.Healthy cobia with(10.66±0.09 g)were cultured for 10-weeks.The growth performance,digestive enzymes and immune enzymes activities were determined.【Results】Compared with the control group,addition of lactic acid bacteria in the feed reduced the feed efficiency.The rate of weight gain(WGR)and the specific growth(SGR)increased initially and then decreased,which were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The WGR and SGR in groups of Lactobacillus sp.were higher than those in groups of Enterococcus faecalis(P<0.05),and reach the maximum with the Lactobacillus sp.addition of 3.0×10^8 cfu/g;Amylase(AMS),trypsin(TRY)and lipase(LPS)of the two lactic acid bacteria added groups both were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The superoxide dismutase(SOD)and lysozyme(LZM)of the two lactic acid bacteria added groups were higher than those of the control group.Malondialdehyde(MAD)activity was significantly lower than the control(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Under this experimental conditions,the addition of Lactobacillus sp.and Enterococcus faecalis by spraying can significantly improve the growth performance,digestive capacity and non-specific immunity of cobia.Its effect is related to the amount and species of added lactic acid bacteria.The effect of Lactobacillus sp.on cobia is better than that of Enterococcus faecalis,especially Lactobacillus sp.is best with 3.0×10^8 cfu/g.

关 键 词：军曹鱼 生长性能 消化酶 非特异性免疫酶 乳酸杆菌 粪肠球菌 

分 类 号：S965.399[农业科学—水产养殖]