珠三角某市托幼机构饮用水卫生状况分析与调查  

Investigation on hygiene status of drinking water of childcare facilities in a city of Pearl River Delta

作　　者：黄隽[1] 余慕莎 梁锡念[1] HUANG Jun;YU Mu-sha;LIANG Xi⁃nian(Zhongshan Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Zhongshan 528400,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中山市疾病预防控制中心,广东中山528403

出　　处：《中国校医》2020年第6期404-406,438,共4页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

基　　金：中山市医学科研基金项目(2015J139)。

摘　　要：目的了解珠三角某市托幼机构饮用水卫生状况,保障学前儿童饮水安全。方法以分层抽样的方法,在某市抽取一定数量的托幼机构为研究对象,包括幼儿园和托儿所,开展水质监测及现场调查。结果抽检样品187份,样品合格率73.26%,检测指标2747项次,项次合格率97.71%。样品合格率末梢水(96.08%)高于饮用净水(65.42%)及开水(62.07%),托儿所(92.31%)高于幼儿园(70.19%)。14项检测指标中12项均合格,其中铁、耗氧量在饮用净水含量最低,浑浊度、砷、氯化物在开水含量最低,主要不合格指标为细菌总数、pH。微生物指标中菌落总数合格率72.19%,总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群均未检出。卫生学调查符合率最低的指标为周围环境无污染源(22.95%)。结论该市托幼机构水质整体情况良好,饮用净水、开水存在卫生问题,应加强其监督监测。Objective To understand the hygiene status of drinking water of childcare facilities and ensure the security of drinking water for pre⁃school children.Methods According to the stratified sampling method,some childcare facilities were chosen for water monitoring and investigation,including kindergartens and nurseries.Results A total of 187 water samples were collected and 2747 items were tested.The qualification rates of the samples and items were 73.26%and 97.71%respectively.The sample qualification rate of tap water(96.08%)was higher than that of the purified drinking water(65.42%)and boiled water(62.07%),and the sample qualification rate of the nurseries was higher than that of the kindergar⁃tens.Among the 14 tested indexes,12 indexes were qualified except the total bacteria and pH.Fe and oxygen consumption were the lowest in purified drinking water,and the turbidity,As and chloride were the lowest in the boiled water.The un⁃qualification indexes included the total bacteria and pH.The qualification rate of the total bacteria was 72.19%,while the total coliform or thermotolerant coliform was not detected.The hygienic investigation item with lowest qualified rate was"sur⁃rounding without pollutant source"(22.95%).Conclusion The overall drinking water quality is good in the childcare facilities of the city.However,there was some risk for the hygiene of purified drinking water and boiled water,so the supervision and monitoring still should be strengthened.

关 键 词：托幼机构 饮用水卫生 水质监测 卫生学调查 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学]