不同施肥措施对草麻黄生长的影响  

Effects of Different Fertilization Measures on Growth of Ephedra sinica Stapf

作　　者：王炯琪 李璠 赵海超 袁卉馥 黄智鸿 张智婷 WANG Jiong-qi;LI Fan;ZHAO Hai-chao;YUAN Hui-fu;HANG Zhi-hong;ZHANG Zhi-ting(Hebei Provincial Key Lab of Quality and Safety Analysis of Agricultural Products,Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北北方学院河北省农产品食品质量安全分析检测重点实验室,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《河北北方学院学报（自然科学版）》2020年第7期43-48,54,共7页Journal of Hebei North University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：河北省教育厅重大科研项目(ZD2019097);河北北方学院重点研究项目(ZD201408);河北北方学院博士基金项目(12995543)。

摘　　要：目的对草麻黄进行人工栽培是解决其供需矛盾的主要途径,也是保护生态环境最有效的措施。研究氮磷施肥用量及肥料配施对草麻黄生长的影响,为人工栽培技术提供理论支撑。方法采用盆栽试验,研究不同施氮处理、不同施磷处理及不同肥料配施对草麻黄株高、茎粗、茎根干重、叶绿素a、b含量的变化。结果不同施肥处理草麻黄株高增速在0.15~0.34 cm·d-1,茎粗增速在0.0040~0.0125 cm·d-1,单株茎干重在0.34~1.66 g,根干重在0.08~0.42 g,Chla含量在2.15~26.47 mg·kg-1,Chlb含量在1.64~9.31 mg·kg-1。施纯氮量为100 kg·hm-2时草麻黄株高、茎粗和茎干重最高,50 mg·kg-1时根干重最高,随着施氮量的增加叶绿素含量呈增加趋势。施P2O5为30 kg·hm-2时,草麻黄株高、茎粗和Chlb含量最高。施P2O5为70 kg·hm-2时,草麻黄茎干重、根干重和Chla含量最高。单施磷肥和磷有机肥配施株高最高。单施有机肥茎粗最粗。单施磷肥、单施钾肥草麻黄生物量较高。氮磷配施和氮磷钾配施草麻黄叶绿素含量较高。结论综合分析,草麻黄高产施氮量为100 kg·hm-2,施磷量为70 kg·hm-2。施肥措施应为高磷、增钾、低氮,少量有机肥。Objective Artificial cultivation of Ephedra sinica Stapf is the main way to solve the contradiction between its supply and demand,and it is also the most effective measure to protect the ecological environment.To study the effects of the applied amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer and the combined application of fertilizer on the growth of Ephedra sinica Stapf,and to provide theoretical support to artificial cultivation technology.Methods The pot experiments were conducted to study the changes of plant height,stem diameter,stem and root weight,chlorophyll a and b contents of Ephedra sinica Stapf.Results With different fertilizer treatments,the growth rate of plant height ranged between 0.15 cm·d-1 and 0.34 cm·d-1,the stem growth rate between 0.0040 cm·d-1 and 0.0125 cm·d-1,the stem dry weight per plant between 0.34 g and 1.66 g,the root dry weight between 0.08 g and 0.42 g,the content of Chla between 2.15 mg·kg-1 and 26.47 mg·kg-1,and Chlb content between 1.64 mg·kg-1 and 9.31 mg·kg-1.When the net content of nitrogen fertilizer was 100 kg·hm-2,the plant height,stem diameter and stem dry weight of Ephedra sinica Stapf were the highest,and the root dry weight was the highest at 50 kg·hm-2.The chlorophyll content increased with the increase of nitrogen application amount.When the content of P2O5 was 30 kg·hm-2,the plant height,stem diameter and Chlb content of Ephedra sinica were the highest,and when the content of P2O5 was 70 kg·hm-2,the stem dry weight,root dry weight and Chla content of Ephedra sinica Stapf were the highest.Single application of phosphorous fertilizer and the combined application of phosphorous fertilizer and organic fertilizer had grown to the highest plant height.Stem diameter was the thickest when organic fertilizer was singly applied.For single application of phosphorus fertilizer or potassium fertilizer,the biomass was higher.For the combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus and of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,chlorophyll contents were higher.Conclusion The hi

关 键 词：草麻黄 生长 干重 叶绿素 施肥措施 

分 类 号：S567.9[农业科学—中草药栽培]