治污工程对浏阳河下游水质的治理成效评价  

Evaluation of the Effect of Pollution Control Project on Water Quality in the Lower Reaches of Liuyang River

作　　者：易勇 李虹宇 YI Yong;LI Hong-yu(Changsha Environmental Monitoring Central Station,Changsha 410014,PRC;College of Information and Intelligence,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,PRC)

机构地区：[1]长沙市环境监测中心站,湖南长沙410001 [2]湖南农业大学信息与智能科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2020年第6期54-60,65,共8页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：为了解治污工程对浏阳河下游水环境质量提升的成效,运用水质综合指数法、污染物分担率、营养状态综合指数法及健康风险法分别对2005—2018年浏阳河下游梨、黑石渡和三角洲断面水环境中pH值、DO、COD等21个指标进行了统计与分析。结果表明:治污工程对梨、黑石渡和三角洲断面水环境中Cd、As、Zn的含量影响最显著,均比治污工程前下降了53%以上,治污工程后黑石渡和三角洲断面水体3个主要污染指标COD、NH3-N与TP含量均下降10%以上;梨断面水体中单因子污染指数及累积值在治污工程后均无明显变化,而黑石渡和三角洲断面水体中NH3-N、TP、BOD、COD、阴离子表面活性剂的单因子污染指数及累积值均明显下降;治污工程前后浏阳河3个断面水环境污染物分担率均以氧平衡与无机污染物为主,分担率均在75%以上;治污工程后3个断面水环境总健康风险整体均呈下降趋势,主要来源于非致癌物质。治污工程明显改善了浏阳河下游水质,黑石渡和三角洲断面水质由治污工程前的劣Ⅴ类上升至Ⅳ类地表水质量标准。In order to understand the effect of pollution control project on the improvement of water environment quality in the lower reaches of Liuyang River,21 pollution indices of Langli,Heishidu and delta cross-sections during 2005-2018 were analyzed by using water quality comprehensive index method,pollutant sharing rate,comprehensive trophic status index method and health risk method.The results showed that the pollution control project had the most significant effects on Cd,As and Zn contents in the water environment of Langli,Heishidu and delta sections,all of which were reduced by more than 53%in contrast to those before the pollution control project;the contents of COD,NH3-N and TP in the water body of Heishidu and delta sections all decreased by more than 10%;the single-factor pollution index and cumulative values in the water body of Langli section did not change significantly after the pollution control project,while the single-factor pollution index and cumulative values of NH3-N,TP,BOD,COD and anionic surfactant in the water bodies of Heishidu and delta sections decreased significantly;before and after the pollution control project,oxygen balance and inorganic pollutants contributed the most to the pollutant sharing rates of water environment in the three sections,and their sharing rates were all above 75%;the overall health risk of water environment in the three sections,mainly from non-carcinogenic substances,showed a downward trend after the pollution control project.The pollution control project obviously improved the water quality of the lower reaches of Liuyang River.The water quality of Heishidu and delta sections increased from inferior category V to surface water quality standard type IV after the pollution control project.

关 键 词：治污工程 水环境污染 质量评价 健康风险 浏阳河 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]