梁启超与第一次世界大战史研究在中国的发轫——以《欧洲战役史论》为中心的探讨  

Liang Qichao and the Start of the Historical Research on the First World War in China:A Discussion Centering on A History of the European War

作　　者：尉彦超 黄兴涛[1] Wei Yanchao;Huang Xingtao

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学历史学院,北京100872

出　　处：《史学月刊》2020年第7期51-65,共15页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究重大规划项目“中华民国编年史(北洋政府时期)”(15XNIG02)。

摘　　要：1914年年底问世的《欧洲战役史论》,是梁启超撰写的中国最早的“一战”史研究专著,该书致力于探讨“一战”爆发的原因等问题,不仅文辞畅达,引人入胜,而且蕴含了其经世意识与史学观念的变革,集中反映了梁启超自觉开拓中国“世界史”研究的新风范。从梁氏自己撰述、主持《大中华杂志》、主编丛书的设想和各种评论等综合角度来看,他在兴起阶段的中国“一战”史研究中实具有一种全方位的先导性,充当了引导者和指导者的重要角色。对他之后中国“一战”史研究加以细致清理,便能证实这一点。梁启超关于第一次世界大战的研究、考察和思索,不仅有助于理解他由热衷政治到专事学术的人生转变,而且可以见证其史学及文化思想从崇尚“进化论”、追求“现代性”到对其予以深度反思的心路历程,具有某种转折意义。Published at the end of 1914,Liang Qichao’s work A History of the European War,is the earliest monograph on the history of the First World War in China.Aiming at probing into the causes of the outbreak of the Great War,this book not only embodies a smooth and appealing writing style,but also implies an evolution of the author’s idea about pragmatism(or“jingshi”)and his historical concepts.The book distinctively reflects Liang’s consciousness of fostering the study of world history in China.Viewing from his identity as a frequent contributor and the chief editor of the Great Chuang Hwa Magazine,his scheme of compiling a series of books on the Great War as well as his numerous comments related to such a topic,Liang,who demonstrated an all-around pioneering character at the early stage of the historical study of the First World War in China,served the important role of a leader and mentor.Such a notion could be confirmed by a detailed analysis of subsequent scholarship on the history of the First World War.A study of Liang’s research,investigation and thinking on the Great War not only helps us understand his transformation from a keen participant of politics to a devoted scholar,but also uncovers the process in which Liang’s historical and cultural thoughts experienced a change from advocating“evolutionism”and pursuing“modernity”to making aprofound reflection on them,which has certain transitional meaning.

关 键 词：《欧洲战役史论》 梁启超 “一战”史研究 史学思想 

分 类 号：K09[历史地理—历史学]