优化课桌椅配置是改善重庆市中小学教学环境卫生状况的突破口--基于2017-2018年度国家双随机调查的实证研究  

Optimizing the allocation of desks and chairs as the most important task in improving the teaching environment of primary and secondary schools in Chongqing——An study based on the national double-random survey in 2017—2018

作　　者：明佳 陈嘉明 童晶 陈林 杨莉 Ming Jia;Chen Jiaming;Tong Jin;Chen lin;Yang Li(Department of school health supervision,Bureau of Chongqing Municipal Health and Family Planning Supervision and Administration,Chongqing 401147,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市卫生计生监督执法局学校卫生监督处,重庆401147

出　　处：《中国卫生法制》2020年第4期95-98,共4页China Health Law

摘　　要：目的:调查重庆市中小学教学环境卫生现状,为采取针对性监督措施提供依据。方法:对重庆市39个区县1400所学校2017-2018年度教学环境卫生指标如课桌椅配置、教室采光、黑板照度情况进行国家双随机调查。结果:受检学校课桌椅配置合格率为55.4%(n=776),教室采光合格率为74.9%(n=1048),黑板照度合格率为50.4%(n=706)。完全合格仅24.7%(n=346)。乡镇学校在教室采光、黑板照度合格率方面与城市学校相比,差异无显著性意义,但课桌椅配置合格率显著低于城市学校(51.3%vs.63%,P<0.05)。不同地域内部小学与中学比较,乡镇学校课桌椅配置合格率均低于城市学校(P<0.05);同一地域内小学与中学比较,城市中学课桌椅配置合格率低于小学(P<0.05)。结论:重庆市中小学校课桌椅配置不合格是突出问题,尤其在乡镇学校更为突出,优化课桌椅配置是改善重庆市中小学教学环境卫生状况突破口。Objective:To analyze the status of school teaching environment in primary and second school in Chongqing to provide scientific basis for further supervision.Methods:A national double-random survey was conducted on the teaching environmental indicators of 1400 schools in 39 districts and counties of Chongqing from 2017 to 2018,such as desk and chair allocation,classroom lighting and blackboard illumination.Results:The qualified rate of desk and chair configuration,classroom photosynthesis and blackboard illumination were 55.4%(n=776),74.9%(n=1048)and 50.4%(n=706)respectively.Only 24.7%(n=346)were fully qualified.There was no significant difference in the qualified rate of classroom lighting and blackboard illumination between township schools and urban schools,but the qualified rate of desk and chair configuration was significantly lower than that of urban schools(51.3%vs.63%,P<0.05).Compared in different regions,the qualified rate of desk and chair allocation in township schools is lower than that in urban schools(P<0.05).Compared in the same region,the qualified rate of desk and chair allocation in urban middle schools is lower than that in primary schools(P<0.05).Conclusion:The unqualified allocation of desks and chairs in primary and secondary schools in Chongqing is a prominent problem,especially in township schools.Optimizing the allocation of desks and chairs is the most important task to improve the teaching environment and hygiene of primary and secondary schools in Chongqing.

关 键 词：教学环境卫生 中小学 现况调查 重庆市 

分 类 号：D902[政治法律—法学理论]