中蜂和意蜂对巨桉叶片挥发物的EAG和行为反应  

EAG and behavioural responses of Apis cerana cerana and Apis mellifera ligustica to volatiles of Eucalyptus grandis

作　　者：熊朝勇[1] 张如义 林雄 XIONG Chaoyong(Neijiang Vocational and Technical College,Neijiang 641000,China)

机构地区：[1]内江职业技术学院,四川内江641000 [2]四川省内江市农业科学院,四川内江641000

出　　处：《中国森林病虫》2020年第4期11-16,共6页Forest Pest and Disease

基　　金：国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2011BAC09B05);四川省科技计划项目重点研发项目(2019YFN0066)。

摘　　要：为探索巨桉Eucalyptus grandis叶片挥发物对传粉昆虫蜜蜂是否存在引诱或驱避作用,测定中蜂Apis cerana cerana和意蜂Apis mellifera ligustica对巨桉叶片挥发性提取物的触角电位(EAG)反应及其嗅觉趋向行为反应。结果表明:不同质量巨桉叶片提取的挥发物均能引起中蜂和意蜂不同程度的EAG反应,且对鲜叶、凋落叶挥发物反应差异显著(P<0.05),对鲜叶挥发物的EAG反应更强。随挥发物含量增加,中蜂和意蜂的EAG反应值逐渐增大,对36 g鲜叶提取的挥发物EAG值均达到最高,且差异显著(P<0.05)。而鲜叶质量增加到48 g时,EAG值有下降趋势;但对于凋落叶,叶片质量增加到48 g时,EAG反应达到最大值。鲜叶、凋落叶挥发性提取物均能引起中蜂和意蜂嗅觉行为反应,并具不同程度引诱作用。36 g鲜叶提取的挥发物对中蜂和意蜂的引诱率均达到最高,叶片质量高于或低于36 g时,其提取物定向作用不明显。随着凋落叶挥发物含量升高,对中蜂和意蜂的引诱率也增大,48 g凋落叶提取的挥发物对中蜂和意蜂有明显引诱作用。总体上鲜叶挥发性提取物对中蜂和意蜂的引诱率较凋落叶高,与EAG反应结果基本一致。该结果可为深入了解巨桉对蜜蜂的行为影响和巨桉人工林可持续发展等方面提供理论依据及参考。In order to find out whether the volatiles in leaves of Eucalyptus grandis could attract or repel the pollinating insects bees,the EAG response and olfactory tendency behavior of Apis cerana cerana and Apis mellifera ligustica to the volatiles from fresh and fallen leaves of E.grandis were tested.The results showed that the volatiles from different mass of leaves could cause the EAG responses of A.cerana cerana and A.mellifera ligustica in different degrees,and the EAG responses to the volatiles from fresh leaves and fallen leaves were significantly different(P<0.05),and the EAG responses to the volatiles from fresh leaves were stronger.With the increase of volatile content,the EAG response value of A.cerana cerana and A.mellifera ligustica increased gradually,and the EAG value to volatiles from 36 g fresh leaf reached the highest,and the difference was significant(P<0.05).The EAG value decreased when the mass of fresh leaf increased to 48 g,while the mass of fallen leaf increased to 48 g,the EAG response reached the maximum.The volatiles extracted from fresh leaves and fallen leaves could induce olfactory responses of A.cerana cerana and A.mellifera ligustica,and had different degrees of attractiveness.The attraction rate of the volatiles extracted from 36 g fresh leaves to A.cerana cerana and A.mellifera ligustica was the highest.When the mass of the leaves was higher or lower than 36 g,the directional effect of extracts was not obvious.With the increase of volatiles content,attraction rate was increased.The attraction of volatiles from 48 g fallen leaves was obvious to the A.cerana cerana and A.mellifera ligustica.In general,the attraction rate of volatiles from fresh leaves to bees was higher than that of fallen leaves,which was consistent with EAG reaction.The results can provide theoretical basis and reference for further understanding the behavior impact of E.grandis on bees and the sustainable development of E.grandis plantation.

关 键 词：中华蜜蜂 意大利蜂 巨桉 挥发物 EAG 行为反应 

分 类 号：S769[农业科学—森林保护学]