马来西亚对美国印太战略的应对策略:以维护东盟中心性为核心  

Malaysia’s Response to the U.S. Indo-Pacific Strategy:In Defense of the ASEAN Centrality

作　　者：苏莹莹[1] SU Ying-ying(School of Asian Studies,Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing 100089)

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学亚洲学院,北京100089

出　　处：《南洋问题研究》2020年第2期58-70,共13页Southeast Asian Affairs

摘　　要：特朗普政府的"印太战略"至2018年逐渐走实。地处印度洋和太平洋连接点的东南亚是实现"印太战略"的关键地区,作为"一带一路"沿线的东盟成员及南海声索国之一,马来西亚更是美国关注和拉拢的对象。美国"印太战略"提出至今,马来西亚正处于从国民阵线到希望联盟再到国民联盟的前后3届政府的政坛变局当中。这期间,马哈蒂尔领导下的希盟政府立足于《东盟印太展望》,实施以维护东盟中心性为核心的应对策略,同时加强与日、韩等中等大国的合作以对冲中美博弈,并通过《新马来西亚外交框架》和《国防白皮书》的正式发布,谨慎应对"印太战略",体现了马来西亚保持自身在大国竞争中的独立性的外交传统。The Indo-Pacific Strategy initiated by the Trump administration has been gradually implemented since 2018. Located at the junction of the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, Southeast Asian countries are crucial to the implementation of the Indo-Pacific Strategy. Among these countries, Malaysia is the one that the United States pays close attention to and draws close to in that Malaysia is not only one of the claimants of South China Sea, but also involves in the Belt and Road Initiative. Nevertheless, ever since the Indo-Pacific Strategy was proposed by the United States, Malaysia has been undergoing political changes with its ruling coalition switching from the Barisan Nasional to the Pakatan Harapan and now to the Perikatan Nasional. Amid this period, in response to the U.S., the Pakatan Harapan government under the leadership of Mahathir Mohamad adopted a responsive strategy to defend the ASEAN centrality based on the ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific. At the same time, the Pakatan Harapan government also applied the hedging strategy by strengthening Malaysia’s cooperation with such middle powers as Japan and South Korea and launched the Foreign Policy Framework of the New Malaysia as well as the Defence White Paper. These strategies demonstrated the tradition of Malaysian foreign policy featuring maintaining independence and balance between the competitive major powers.

关 键 词：马来西亚 “印太战略” 东盟中心性 

分 类 号：D83[政治法律—政治学] D87.2[政治法律—外交学]