拉美国家的社会保障制度及其对中国的启示  

The Social Security System in Latin American Countries and Its Enlightenment to China

作　　者：王效云[1] WANG Xiao-yun(Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,102488,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院研究生院,北京102488

出　　处：《特区经济》2020年第6期77-79,共3页Special Zone Economy

摘　　要：Kuznets倒U曲线指出,在经济社会发展的初期阶段,一定程度的不平等可以促进经济增长,当经济发展到一定阶段以后,不平等将会损害经济增长。经过改革开放四十多年的发展,我国经济发展水平大大提高,与此同时,收入差距也大幅扩大,我国已经进入到Kuznets倒U曲线的后半段,进一步的不平等只会拖累经济增长。拉美国家落入"中等收入陷阱"与其社会极端不平等具有密切关系,对我国具有警示作用。拉美国家社会保障制度历史悠久,其社会保障制度改革发展的经验可以带来如下启示:第一,社会政策目标要与政策实施效果相一致。事前做好预测,事后做好评估和政策的调整。第二,制度设计要与当前经济发展水平相适应,使其具有可持续性和稳定性。Kuznets inverted U curve pointed out that in the initial stage of economic and social development,a certain degree of inequality can promote economic growth. When the economy develops to a certain stage, inequality will damage economic growth. After more than 30 years of reform and opening up, China ’s economic development has greatly improved, and at the same time, the income gap has also widened significantly. China has entered the second half of Kuznets ’inverted U curve. The fall in the "middle-income trap" in Latin American countries has a close relationship with extreme social inequality and has a warning effect on our country. The social security system in Latin America has a long history, and its experience in the reform and development of the social security system can bring the following enlightenment: First, the goals of social policy should be consistent with the effects of policy implementation. Make predictions beforehand and make assessments and policy adjustments afterwards. Second, the system design should be compatible with the current level of eco-nomic development, making it sustainable and stable.

关 键 词：倒U曲线 拉美国家 社会保障 

分 类 号：C979[经济管理—劳动经济]