宋末襄樊围城陷落的一个内部原因--以李曾伯、贾似道关于襄樊战略地位的矛盾为起点  

An Internal Cause for the Fall of Xiangfan in the Late Song Dynasty:Taking the Conflicts between Li Zengbo and Jia Sidao on Xiangfan’s Strategic Position as the Starting Point

作　　者：曾祥波[1] ZENG Xiangbo

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学文学院

出　　处：《国学学刊》2020年第2期109-116,F0003,共9页Research in the Traditions of Chinese Culture

摘　　要：南宋前期襄樊作为京湖战区前线,防务一直被重视。端平三年(1236),襄阳物资城防尽为叛军劫毁,遂被弃守。理宗淳祐十一年(1251)李曾伯恢复襄樊,重视襄樊在京湖战区中的战略地位,这一主张与前任贾似道维持现状、重视鄂州的战略相分歧,引发矛盾。在贾似道的阻挠下,宝祐二年(1254)李曾伯去职,重视襄樊战略地位的措置未能完成。同年,贾似道嫡系吕文德获得京湖战区军事指挥权,恢复了贾似道的主张。宝祐六年(1258)贾似道重返京湖战区主持鄂州会战,开庆元年(1259)鄂州偶然性撤围,给人以鄂州战略成功的假象,贾似道大权独揽,趁机打压清算李曾伯旧部将领。襄樊围城的两个关键事件,李曾伯旧部刘整面临清算、降元献计围襄,高达援襄被贾似道阻止、终以江陵降元,都与此有关。李曾伯与贾似道对襄樊战略地位认识的分歧以及由此带来的矛盾纠葛,是襄樊被围陷落、京湖战区覆灭的内部原因之一。Xiangfan was the front line of the Jing-Hu battle zone in the early period of the Southern Song Dynasty,it’s defense had always been valued.In the third year of Duanping(1236),the supplies and defenses of Xiangyang were looted and ruined by the rebels,therefore it was abandoned.In the 11 th year of Chunyou of Emperor Li(1251),Li Zengbo restored Xiangfan and attached great importance to it’s strategic position in the Jing-Hu battle zone,which was different from his predecessor Jia Sidao’s strategy of maintaining the status quo and attaching importance to Ezhou,and hence caused conflicts.Under the obstruction of Jia Sidao,Li Zengbo resigned in the second year of Baoyou(1254),leaving the disposal of valuing Xiangfan’s strategic position uncompleted.In the same year,Lv Wende,who held the same political position as Jia Sidao,obtained the military command of the Jing-Hu battle zone,and he resumed Jia Sidao’s claim.In the sixth year of Baoyou(1258),Jia Sidao returned to the Jing-Hu battle zone to preside over the battle of Ezhou.In the first year of Kaiqing(1259),Ezhou withdrew from the siege by chance,giving a false impression of Ezhou strategic success.Jia Sidao dominated the power and took the opportunity to suppress and exclude Li Zengbo’s former generals.There are two key events in Xiangfan’s siege.Liu Zheng,the former subordinate of Li Zengbo,who faced with suppression,chose to surrender to the Yuan Dynasty and offered advice to lay siege to Xiangfan.More than this,Gao Da’s aid to Xiangfan was stopped by Jia Sidao and he finally surrendered to the Yuan Dynasty with Jiangling city.The disputes between Li Zengbo and Jia Sidao in understanding Xiangfan’s strategic position,as well as the resulting conflicts,were one of the internal causes for the fall of Xiangfan and the defeat of the Jing-Hu battle zone.

关 键 词：襄樊 京湖战区 李曾伯 贾似道 刘整 高达 

分 类 号：K245[历史地理—历史学]