环境素养视角下的农户亲环境行为  

Farming households’ pro-environmental behaviors from the perspective of environmental literacy

作　　者：郭清卉 李世平[1] 南灵[1] GUO Qinghui;LI Shiping;NAN Ling(College of Economics and Management,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《资源科学》2020年第5期856-869,共14页Resources Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(17BJY067)。

摘　　要：农业面源污染已经成为中国最为重大和突出的环境问题之一,直接威胁到中国的农产品质量安全、人体健康和生态安全,成为制约中国国民经济可持续发展的重要因素。在这一现实背景下,转变已有的农业生产方式,促进农户实施以绿色、可持续为目标的亲环境农业生产行为,减少农业环境污染,保障食品安全和生态安全成为当前亟需解决的重要问题。本文将环境素养划分为环境认知、环境责任感、环境知识与技能3个维度,在考虑社会规范这一情境因素的调节作用下,利用江苏、安徽、甘肃、陕西和山西5省1023份农户调查数据,对农户的亲环境行为进行研究。结果表明:①环境责任感、环境知识与技能均可促进农户的亲环境行为,且环境知识与技能的促进作用更强,环境认知对农户的亲环境行为未发挥显著影响,在考虑了可能会因为反向因果以及遗漏变量而导致的内生性问题后,上述结论依然成立。②社会规范可正向调节环境责任感、环境知识与技能对农户亲环境行为的影响。③文化程度越高、家庭收入越多、地块细碎化程度越低的农户,越有可能实施亲环境行为;同时,相较于男性、兼农户和租用别人土地的农户,女性、纯农户和种植自家土地的农户更可能实施亲环境行为。依据结论提出培育农户的环境责任感、开办田间学校、设立亲环境行为实施的模范与标杆等政策建议。Agricultural non-point source pollution has become one of the most significant and prominent environmental problems in China, which directly threatens the quality and safety of China’s agricultural products, human health, and ecological safety, and has become an important factor restricting the sustainable development of China’s national economy. Under this background, it is urgent to change the existing agricultural production mode, encourage farming households to implement green and sustainable pro-environment agricultural production behaviors,reduce agricultural environmental pollution, and ensure food safety and ecological security. To alleviate the agricultural environmental problems, this study examined farming households’ proenvironmental behaviors from the perspective of environmental literacy, which is divided into three dimensions environmental cognitive, environmental responsibility, and environmental knowledge and skills, and the moderating effect of the situational factor social norm on farming households’ pro-environmental behaviors. It used the field survey data of 1023 farming households in Jiangsu,Anhui, Gansu, Shaanxi, and Shanxi Provinces. The results show that:(1) Environmental responsibility and environmental knowledge and skills can promote farming households’ proenvironmental behavior, and the promoting effect of environmental knowledge and skills are stronger;environmental cognition, however, has no significant effect on farming households’ proenvironmental behavior;after considering endogenous problems caused by reverse causation and missing variables, the above conclusions remain valid.(2) Social norm can positively regulate the role of environmental responsibility and environmental knowledge and skills in promoting farming households’ pro-environmental behaviors.(3) Farmers with more education, higher family income,and lower land fragmentation are more likely to engage in pro-environmental behaviors.Meanwhile, compared with men, multiple occupation farmers, and farmers who

关 键 词：亲环境行为 环境素养 社会规范 农户 调节效应 结构方程模型 层次回归 

分 类 号：X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程]