成都市工业挥发性有机物排源成分谱  

Source Profiles of Industrial Emission-Based VOCs in Chengdu

作　　者：周子航 邓也 周小玲 吴柯颖 谭钦文 尹代娟 宋丹林 陈秋宇 曾文號 ZHOU Zi-hang;DENG Ye;ZHOU Xiao-ling;WU Ke-ying;TAN Qin-wen;YIN Dai-juan;SONG Dan-lin;CHEN Qiu-yu;ZENG Wen-hao(Chengdu Key Laboratory of Air Pollution Research,Chengdu Academy of Environmental Sciences,Chengdu 610072,China;Sichuan Tonsin Testing Corporation,Chengdu 610046,China)

机构地区：[1]成都市环境保护科学研究院,成都市大气科研重点实验室,成都610072 [2]四川唐臣检测技术有限公司,成都610046

出　　处：《环境科学》2020年第7期3042-3055,共14页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0214005)。

摘　　要：选取成都市汽车制造和石油化工等典型工业行业,通过瓶采样和SUMMA罐采样及GC-MS分析方法,研究了不同生产工艺环节的挥发性有机物(VOCs)排放特征.结果表明,汽车制造各工艺环节均有各自的优势组分,其中喷漆排放以烷烃(32%)和芳香烃(35%)为主.家具制造排放特征与使用原辅料高度相关,以芳香烃(50%)和OVOCs(38%)为主.石油化工各装置区VOCs浓度范围为49~1 387μg·m-3,不同装置区存在较大差异,主要是由于炼油区主要产品为C5~C9的汽油和苯系物等,化工区则较多使用了溶剂同时生成烯烃类产品.电子制造均以OVOCs为主,占VOCs总排放的50%以上.制鞋行业排放VOCs主要由烷烃和OVOCs贡献,平均占比分别为52%和36%,与所用溶剂组分高度相关.汽车制造VOCs排放组分差异较大,主要以正十二烷和2-丁酮等为主.家具制造排放组分主要为苯乙烯、乙酸乙酯和间/对-二甲苯等,为涂料和稀释剂的典型组分.石油化工各装置区排放组分有差异,炼油区以苯乙烯等为主,化工区主要为1,3-丁二烯等,仓储区主要为C3~C5烷烃等,废水处理则主要为C6~C8烷烃等.电子制造主要组分均为乙醇和丙酮等醛酮组分.制鞋企业排放组分以C5和C6等烷烃为主.通过臭氧生成潜势计算比较,汽车制造和石油化工行业对臭氧生成潜势贡献较大的VOCs排放组分以烯烃和芳香烃为主,具有较高的污染源反应活性.研究表明各工业行业OVOCs排放比例(17%~96%)和对臭氧生成潜势贡献均较为显著,因此在进行VOCs排放控制时,除重点管控芳香烃和烯烃外,亦应提高对OVOCs组分的关注.The volatile organic compound(VOC)emission characteristics of various production procedures were analyzed through GC-MS after the emissions of typical enterprises such as automobile manufacturing,petrochemical,and other industries had been sampled with SUMMA canisters.Each production procedure in the automobile manufacturing and petrochemical industries was considered.The results showed that each automobile manufacturing procedure had its own dominant species,and alkanes(32%)and aromatics(35%)were the main emission species of coating spraying.The emission characteristics of furniture manufacturing were highly correlated with the raw materials,and the VOC emission species were mainly composed of aromatics(50%)and oxygenated VOCs(OVOCs)(38%).As for the petrochemical industry,VOC concentrations in various process plant areas ranged from 49μg·m-3 to 1387μg·m-3.As the main products of the refining area were C5-C9 gasoline and benzene series,whereas comparatively more solvents were used in the chemical area,which would generate alkene products,VOC concentrations greatly differed in the various process plant areas.In terms of electronic manufacturing,OVOCs were the main emission species,accounting for more than 50%of total VOCs.Alkanes and OVOCs were the main contributors to VOC emissions in shoemaking,accounting for 52%and 36%on average,respectively,which was strongly related to the species of the used solvents.The VOC emission species of automobile manufacturing were quite different,predominantly including n-dodecane and 2-butanone.The emission species of furniture manufacturing mainly included styrene,ethyl acetate,m/p-xylene,etc.,which are typical species of coatings and diluents.As for the differences in the emission species of process plant areas in the petrochemical industry,styrene was the main species in the refining area,1,3-butadiene in the chemical area,C3-C5 alkanes in the storage area,and C6-C8 alkanes in the wastewater treatment area.The main emission species of electronic manufacturing were ethanol,a

关 键 词：挥发性有机物(VOCs) 工业排放 源成分谱 石油化工 电子制造 臭氧生成潜势(OFP) 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]