邢台市区道路可悬浮灰尘重金属污染特征及来源识别  

Source Identification and Pollution Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Suspended Particles of Urban Road Dust from Xingtai City

作　　者：宋怡 卢新卫 周潇 葛子赫 SONG Yi;LU Xin-wei;ZHOU Xiao;GE Zi-he(School of Geography and Tourism,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,西安710119

出　　处：《环境科学》2020年第7期3130-3135,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41271510)。

摘　　要：为探究工业企业转型城市的道路可悬浮灰尘中重金属的来源特征,在邢台市区采集50份道路灰尘样品,利用X-Ray荧光光谱仪测定可悬浮灰尘中Cr、 Mn、 Co、 Ni、 Cu、 Zn、 As和Pb的含量,采用富集因子法评价重金属的污染水平,利用相关分析、主成分分析和聚类分析判别重金属之间的关系,识别其可能来源.结果表明,Co、 Cu、 Zn和Pb的平均含量是其相应河北省土壤背景值的2倍以上.富集因子评价结果显示,邢台市道路可悬浮灰尘中Co、 Cu、 Zn和Pb整体呈现中度富集,Ni、 As、 Cr和Mn无富集或轻微富集.综合样品中各重金属元素的含量特征与多元统计分析结果,邢台市区道路可悬浮灰尘中Cr、 Mn和Ni主要来源于自然和工业混合源,Zn、 Pb和Cu来源于交通和燃煤源,As来源于自然源,Co主要受工业活动的影响.Fifty dust samples were collected from Xingtai City to study the source characteristics of heavy metals in suspended particles of urban road dust from industrial enterprise transformation cities.The contents of Cr,Mn,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,and Pb in particles of urban road dust smaller than 100μm were determined by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry,and their pollution levels were assessed by enrichment factor.The possible sources of heavy metals measured in the dust were identified by multivariate statistical analysis methods including correlation analysis,principal component analysis,and cluster analysis.The results indicated that in comparison to the element background values of local soil,the particles of urban road dust smaller than 100μm from Xingtai City had higher Cr,Mn,Co,Cu,Zn,and Pb concentrations.The accumulation level of Co was the highest,followed by Zn,and Pb and Cu,whereas the other trace metals were deficient or showed minimal enrichment in the suspended road dust.The multivariate statistical analysis results showed that Cr,Mn,and Ni had significant positive correlation.These metals belong to both a principal component and a cluster,whereas Cu,Zn,and Pb belong to just a principal component.Considering the content characteristics and the results of multivariate statistical analysis of various heavy metal elements in the suspended samples,these results illustrated that the Cr,Mn,and Ni in the suspended particles of urban dust from Xingtai City roads mainly come from natural and industrial sources,whereas the Zn,Pb,and Cu originate from transportation and coal sources;As comes from natural sources,and Co is mainly affected by industrial activities.

关 键 词：重金属 污染特征 来源识别 可悬浮灰尘 邢台市 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]